Odometry is widely used to localize wheeled and tracked vehicles because of its simplicity and continuity. Odometric calculations integrate the wheel or track’s rotation speed. The accuracy of position thus calculated, is affected by slippage between the ground and the wheel or track. When traveling on a loose slope, the localization accuracy of the odometry decreases remarkably due to slippage...

RNA polymerase II transcription complexes stalled shortly after initiation over a repetitive segment of the template can undergo efficient transcript slippage, during which the 3' end of the RNA slides upstream and then re-pairs with the template, allowing transcription to continue. In the present study, we have used transcript slippage as an assay to identify possible structural transitions th...

Microsatellite markers are widely used for genetic studies, but the relationship between microsatellite slippage mutation rate and the number of repeat units remains unclear. In this study, microsatellite distributions in the human genome are collected from public sequence databases. We observe that there is a threshold size for slippage mutations. We consider a model of microsatellite mutation...

BACKGROUND The increase in anterior laxity and slippage is greater with metal interference screw fixation of a hamstring anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft than a bone-patellar tendon-bone graft. HYPOTHESIS When slippage-resistant fixation is used with a soft tissue graft, early recovery of function does not result in a clinically important increase in anterior laxity and slippage STUDY...

When the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) cannot be satisfied, cells exit mitosis via mitotic slippage. In microtubule (MT) poisons, slippage requires cyclin B proteolysis, and it appears to be accelerated in drug concentrations that allow some MT assembly. To determine if MTs accelerate slippage, we followed mitosis in human RPE-1 cells exposed to various spindle poisons. At 37 degrees C, the...

In this paper, we propose a concept of distributed robot helpers referred to as DR Helpers, and a decentralized control algorithm for them to transport a single object in cooperation with a human/humans. The proposed control algorithm could be applied to DR Helpers more than three, even if each DR Helper has a slippage between its wheels and the ground. The proposed decentralized control algori...

Multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) vehicles have many potential advantages over conventional (i.e., 2-DOF) vehicles. For example, MDOF vehicles can travel sideway s and they can negotiate tight turns more easily. In addition, some MDOF designs provide better payload capability, better traction, and improved static and dynamic stability. However, MDOF vehicles with more than three degrees-offreedom ...