We study avalanche dynamics on scale-free networks, following a power-law degree distribution, pd ðkÞ k ; through the Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile model. The threshold height of a node i is set to be k 1 Z i with 0pZo1: We obtain the exponents for the avalanche size and the duration distributions analytically as a function of g and Z by using the branching process approach. The analytic solutio...

The sand pile model was introduced by Bak, Tang and Wiesenfeld (see [BTW88]) in the context of selforganized criticality. Since then, there has been a lot of work on this model and related models, especially from the graph-theoretical point of view (see, e.g., [ALSSTW89, GK93, GMP]). In the classical model, designed by Brylawski for another purpose (see [Bry73]), a sand pile is a decreasing seq...

OBJECTIVE To assess outcomes of trauma caused by television sets falling onto children. METHODS Retrospective review of medical charts of 183 children aged 7 years and younger hospitalized for injuries caused by falling television sets. Descriptive statistics were applied. DATA SOURCES Phase 2 (1988-1995) and phase 3 (1995-1999) of the National Pediatric Trauma Registry. OUTCOME MEASURES ...

A GPU-based Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics model is used to model the water flooding associated with various types of levee failures. The failures include instantaneous flood wall section failure, a slowly toppling wall, and a dropping wall. The intent of the paper is to illustrate the complex nonhydrostatic flows associated with the levee failures, and their resulting impact on the nearby str...

We study the nature of statistical correlations that develop between systems of interacting self-organized critical automata (sandpiles). Numerical and analytical findings are presented describing the emergence of "synchronization" between sandpiles and the dependency of this synchronization on factors such as variations in coupling strength, toppling rule probabilities, symmetric versus asymme...

We study critical properties of the continuous Abelian sandpile model with anisotropies in toppling rules that produce ordered patterns on it. Also, we consider the continuous directed sandpile model perturbed by a weak quenched randomness, study critical behavior of the model using perturbative conformal field theory, and show that the model has a random fixed point.

Abstract In this paper, we challenge a wide-spread assumption among philosophers that contemporary physics supports physical state monism . This is the claim causal powers of system supervene upon ‘lower-level’ laws and lower-level cosmos (as represented by our ‘best physics’). On view, it makes sense to ignore macroscopic system’s higher-level properties in determining its powers, since any ar...

Liquid-based cytology uses a different method for preparing cervical cells for cytological examination than the Pap smear test (i.e. conventional cytology or CC). Cells are collected from the cervix using a brush, broom or spatula in the same way as they are collected for a Pap smear, but instead of smearing the cells directly onto a glass slide, the head of the brush or spatula is either rinse...