نتایج جستجو برای: situational wtc
تعداد نتایج: 10492 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
In many information-theoretic channel coding problems, adding an input cost constraint to the operational setup amounts restricting optimization domain in capacity formula. This paper shows that, contrast common belief, such a simple modification does not hold for cost-constrained (CC) wiretap (WTC). The secrecy-capacity of discrete memoryless (DM) WTC without constraints is described by single...
This study investigated the receptive and productive vocabulary command of learners based on their willingness to communicate (WTC) and critical thinking skill. The study also aimed to compare gifted and non-gifted learners in terms of the above-mentioned variables. To this end, 112 gifted and non-gifted Iranian EFL learners were picked out and given four instruments (W...
The present quantitative study intended to investigate the effect of Iranian EFL learners' pronunciation anxiety (PA) and motivation (PM) on their L2 willingness communicate (L2 WTC) in English classes. Additionally, it aimed at identifying which these two independent variables (PA or PM) could better predict WTC. To aims, a convenient sample 134 upper-intermediate learners were recruited from ...
OBJECTIVES In a cohort of rescue/recovery workers exposed to the dust that resulted from the collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC), we assessed how a diagnosis of obstructive airways disease (OAD) affected the likelihood of a subsequent diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We also assessed whether OAD acted as a mediator of the association betw...
why some learners are willing to communicate in english, concurrently others are not, has been an intensive investigation in l2 education. willingness to communicate (wtc) proposed as initiating to communicate while given a choice has recently played a crucial role in l2 learning. it was hypothesized that wtc would be associated with language learning orientations (llos) as well as social suppo...
RATIONALE The World Trade Center (WTC) collapse generated caustic airborne particulates that caused chronic rhinosinusitis in exposed Fire Department of New York firefighters. Surgery was performed when symptoms remained uncontrolled despite medical management. OBJECTIVES To identify predictors of surgical intervention for chronic rhinosinusitis in firefighters exposed to airborne irritants a...
New York City Firefighters (FDNY-FFs) were exposed to particulate matter and combustion/pyrolysis products during and after the World Trade Center (WTC) collapse. Ten months after the collapse, induced sputum (IS) samples were obtained from 39 highly exposed FDNY-FFs (caught in the dust cloud during the collapse on 11 September 2001) and compared to controls to determine whether a unique patter...
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine whether the World Trade Center (WTC) attack on September 11, 2001, had an effect on the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias among patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) living in Florida. BACKGROUND Increased frequencies of ICD therapies for ventricular arrhythmias were reported among patients in New York City after th...
The study aims at investigating the influence of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students' perfectionism and anxiety on their Willingness to Communicate (WTC) in EFL classes. To do so, a set of questionnaires, namely “Willingness To Communicate” (MacIntyre, et al., 2001), “Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety” (Horwitz, et al., 1986) and “Multidimensional Perfectionism Scales” (Hewitt & Flet...
This action research examines the concept of Willingness to Communicate (WTC) in a second language acquisition context. The researcher investigated the contributors of WTC in a foreign language classroom setting. Therefore, a multiple assignments method and sequence was applied. Participants of this study were students who matriculated in a United States (U.S.) undergraduate program, studying G...
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