merization of dental composite materials during lightcuring is a leading cause of adhesive restoration failure, resulting in postoperative sensitivity, marginal staining, and recurrent caries.1 This polymerization contraction shrinkage creates stresses as high as 13 MPa between the composite material and tooth interface2 (1 MPa = 145 psi). This stress can exceed the tensile strength of the enam...

High-performance fiber-reinforced cement composites (HPFRCCs) are characterized by strain-hardening and multiple cracking during the inelastic deformation process, but they also develop high shrinkage strain. This study investigates the effects of replacing Portland cement with calcium sulfoaluminate-based expansive admixtures (CSA EXAs) to compensate for the shrinkage and associated mechanical...

The aging of reinforced concrete structures is one the biggest concerns in civil engineering today since billions dollars are spent annually on deck repairs and replacements. This study focuses rehabilitation box girders used bridge construction. Bridge with a new overlay possesses many challenges that involve cracking debonding caused by restraining effect substrate. leads to development tensi...

clay soils and their related abnormal behavior such as excessive shrinkage, swelling, consolidation settlement and cracking on drying has been the subject of many investigations. previous studies mainly evaluated the effects of additives such as lime, cement and sand on these characteristics. initial results indicated that the soil characteristics were improved. however, reportedly in many case...

Taking double-block ballastless track bed concrete as the object, influences of low-heat Portland cement (P·LH) and normal (P·O) on mechanical properties, adiabatic temperature rise, dry-shrinkage cracking sensitivity are studied. The results show that, prepared with two types can meet design requirements C40 concrete. It is also noticed that strength development different. That is, early P·LH ...

An assessment of newly reconstructed reinforced concrete barrier walls on a highway bridge near Montreal indicated intense transverse cracking only a few days after concreting. Subsequent inspection of other concrete bridges in urban areas confirmed that such cracking is not uncommon. Analytical models, together with field and estimated data, were used to study the magnitude and roles of the fa...

Extending the analysis of the evolution of pore humidity and carbonation presented in a preceding paper by Ferretti and Baz ̆ant, this paper analyzes the redistribution in time of vertical normal stresses across the multiple-leaf wall of ancient towers, using the example of collapsed Pavia Tower. It is shown that stress redistribution due to nonuniform shrinkage and nonuniform creep across the w...