in this survay the total productivity of export development bank of iran (edbi) and the productivity changes of branches was studied by using the method of data envelopment analysis. slacks-based measure of super-efficiency model was used to analyze the total productivity of the edbi in the period of 1373-1384 and malmquist productivity index was used to measure the growth of productivity in br...

the greatest limitations to agricultural development and production in iran are scarcity of water resources, ineffective irrigation scheduling and wasteful water usage. avenues discussed for optimum water use include improving water productivity by improving irrigation scheduling, farm water management and water profitability. the present study evaluated current water use and ways to improve wi...

Although precipitation interannual variability is projected to increase due to climate change, effects of changes in precipitation variance have received considerable less attention than effects of changes in the mean state of climate. Interannual precipitation variability effects on functional diversity and its consequences for ecosystem functioning are assessed here using a 6-year rainfall ma...

in this study it is attempted to investigate the effects of government spending on total factor productivity growth in rural areas of iran. using time series data of 1971-2001, a system of equations including some of the variables affecting productivity growth was considered. the system of equations included total factor productivity, irrigation, roads and education. using the simultaneity and ...

Since july 1991, major economic policy changes have been made under the economic reforms programme. The new policies have relaxed or removed many government controls on production capacity, imported capital goods, intermediate inputs and technology. These reforms have altered the economic environment in which the companies operate. This paper makes a comparative analysis of productivity growth ...

OBJECTIVE Township hospitals (THs) are important components of the three-tier rural healthcare system of China. However, the efficiency and productivity of THs have been questioned since the healthcare reform was implemented in 2009. The objective of this study is to analyse the efficiency and productivity changes in THs before and after the reform process. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of...