A common approach for classifying shock graphs is to use a dissimilarity measure on graphs and a distance based classifier. In this paper, we propose the use of kernel functions for data mining problems on shock graphs. The first contribution of the paper is to extend the class of graph kernel by proposing kernels based on bag of paths. Then, we propose a methodology for using these kernels for...

We confront the theoretical and practical difficulties of computing a representation for two-dimensional shape, based on shocks or singularities that arise as the shape’s boundary is deformed. First, we develop subpixel local detectors for finding and classifying shocks. Second, we show that shock patterns are not arbitrary but obey the rules of a grammar, and in addition satisfy specific topol...

We study shock formation in vertically oscillated granular layers, using both molecular dynamics simulations and numerical solutions of continuum equations to Navier-Stokes order. A flat layer of grains is thrown up from an oscillating plate during each oscillation cycle and collides with the plate later in the cycle. The collisions produce layer compaction near the plate and a high temperature...

A non-thermal technique using a plasma spike, generated by 60 Hz periodic electric discharge, for shock wave mitigation is presented. The experiments were conducted in a Mach 2.5 wind tunnel. A plasma spike was generated in front of a wind tunnel model; it led to a transformation of the shock from a well-defined attached shock into a highly curved shock structure, which had increased shock angl...

Understanding of the three-dimensional shock wave-vortex loop interaction phenomena plays a key role in noise reduction. This study focuses on the three-dimensional shock wave distortion and propagation phenomena in a near-field supersonic jet. Shock-square vortex loop interaction was experimentally investigated in a square cross-sectional open-end shock wave generating tube at an incident shoc...

Granger (1966) identifies, what he terms, " the typical spectral shape " for several US macroeconomic series measured in level. King and Watson (1996) report that the growth rates of many US macroeconomic series have similar spectral shapes, although markedly different than the shape Granger identifies for level series. We estimate the spectra of post war output level and growth rate series for...

Detonation of a high-explosive produces shock-blast wave, shrapnel, and gaseous products. While direct exposure to blast is a concern near the epicenter, shock-blast can affect subjects, even at farther distances. When a pure shock-blast wave encounters the subject, in the absence of shrapnels, fall, or gaseous products the loading is termed as primary blast loading and is the subject of this p...

the new non-conventional cutting process by the use of thermal shock is a convenient procedure for cutting the brittle materials such as glasses and ceramics. this method is based on the application of localized thermal shock to brittle materials by the use of hot air jet, which induces thermal stresses at the tip of an existed pre-crack. due to the thermo-elastic behavior of materials, the pre...

Previously measured uncertainty shocks using the U.S. data show a hump-shape time path: Uncertainty rises for two years before its decline. Current literature on the effects uncertainty on macroeconomics, including housing, has not accounted for this observation. Consequently, the literature on uncertainty and macroeconomics is divided on the effects and the propagation mechanism of uncertainty...