this article contains an analysis of the iranian, german and austrian law of shares as securities. stocks are issued to the capital market with a view for them to circulate among market participants. iranian legal scholarship has seen a debate on the nature of shares. some classify them as property while other classifies them as obligations. the distinction is of interest because certain rules ...

We use results from the literature on the determinants of price-cost margins to derive an equation relating labor's share of national income to the in ‡ation rate (as well as to the output gap, the unemployment rate and the capital stock per worker). The equation is tested with a panel of 15 OECD countries. We obtain a robust positive relationship between in ‡ation and the labor share. Our resu...

This paper presents a theory of how factor shares are determined. I first develop microfoundations for a unified aggregate production function that incorporates a frictional process of matching workers and firms. Firms with productivities drawn from a Pareto distribution hire capital and compete for workers. Wages are determined by Bertrand competition. In contrast with Houthakker’s classic res...