Abstract Subsurface structures play important roles in seismic ground motion, crustal hydrology, stability of the built environment, and more. Constraining temporal changes subsurface shear wave velocity ( V S ) can provide useful information to all these topics growing field hydrological monitoring with velocity. Using borehole records at Garner Valley, CA, we estimate seasonal variations from...

Seabed classification is the organization of the seafloor and shallow subsurface sediment into classes based on defined characteristics (Collins et al. 1996). Optical and acoustical data processing are two powerful remote sensing techniques for sea floor classification. Our research goal is to explore the potential for the fusion of these two data sets to extend classification capabilities beyo...

Observations of seasonal variations of neutron flux from the high-energy neutron detector (HEND) on Mars Odyssey combined with direct measurements of the thickness of condensed carbon dioxide by the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) on Mars Global Surveyor show a latitudinal dependence of northern winter deposition of carbon dioxide. The observations are also consistent with a shallow substra...

Landmines are affecting the lives and livelihood of millions of people around the world. The video impulse ground penetrating radar system for detection for small and shallow buried objects has been developed. The hardware combines commercially available components with components specially developed or modified for being used in the system. The GPR system has been desired to measure accurately...

Details of Earth’s shallow subsurface—a key component of the critical zone (CZ)—are largely obscured because making direct observations with sufficient density to capture natural characteristic spatial variability in physical properties is difficult. Yet this inaccessible region of the CZ is fundamental to processes that support ecosystems, society, and the environment. Geophysical methods prov...

Hundreds of organic chemicals are used during natural gas extraction via high-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF). However, it is unclear whether these chemicals, injected into deep shale horizons, reach shallow groundwater aquifers and affect local water quality, either from those deep HVHF injection sites or from the surface or shallow subsurface. Here, we report detectable levels of organic c...

[1] Scale and slope dependence of hydrologic response are investigated for two channel network source areas (unchanneled valleys) in the Oregon Coast Range. Observations of response to both natural and applied precipitation reveal that runoff occurred as subsurface flow in which water passed through partially saturated soil, into the shallow fractured bedrock, to emerge as subsurface partial so...

Laboratory simulations and field studies of the shallow subsurface have shown that microbes and their extracellular products can influence the mobility of toxic metals from waste disposal sites. Modelling the transport of contaminants in groundwater may, therefore, require the input of microbial ecology data in addition to geochemical data, thus increasing the costs and the uncertainty of predi...