let a and b be n × m matrices. the matrix b is said to be g-row majorized (respectively g-column majorized) by a, if every row (respectively column) of b, is g-majorized by the corresponding row (respectively column) of a. in this paper all kinds of g-majorization are studied on mn,m, and the possible structure of their linear preservers will be found. also all linear operators t : mn,m ---> mn...

BACKGROUND Reduction in cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) was recently reported with the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We compared HHF and death in patients newly initiated on any SGLT-2i versus other glucose-lowering drugs in 6 countries t...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Brain arteries are structurally characterized by the tight junctions of the endothelium and by no vasa vasorum that feed arteries themselves. This raises the question of how brain arteries are provided with glucose. A possible explanation is that glucose uptake into arteries may be mediated by both GLUT1, a facilitative glucose transporter, and a Na+/glucose cotransporter...

We propose two numerical methods, namely the block relaxation and majorization method, for the problem of nearest correlation matrix with factor structure, which is highly nonconvex. In the block relaxation method, the subproblem is of the standard trust region problem, which is solved by Steighaug’s truncated conjugate gradient method or by the trust region method of [21]. In the majorization ...

We give several criteria that are equivalent to the basic singular value majorization inequality (1.1) that is common to both the usual and Hadamard products. We then use these criteria to give a uniied proof of the basic majorization inequality for both products. Finally, we introduce natural generalizations of the usual and Hadamard products and show that although these generalizations do not...

Moderated greedy search is based on the idea that it is helpful for greedy search algorithms to make non-optimal choices “once in a while.” This notion can be made precise by using the majorizationtheoretic approach to greedy algorithms. Majorization is the study of pre-orderings induced by doubly stochastic matrices. A majorization operator when applied to a distribution makes it “less unequal...

Glucosuria, the presence of glucose in the urine, has long been regarded as a consequence of uncontrolled diabetes. However, glucose excretion can be induced by blocking the activity of the renal sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2). This mechanism corrects hyperglycemia independently of insulin. This article provides an overview of the paradigm shift that triggered the development of the SG...

Sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) inhibitor is a relatively new medication used to treat diabetes. At present, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has only approved three medications (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin) in this drug class for the management of Type 2 diabetes. In May 2015, the FDA issued a warning of ketoacidosis with use of this drug class. Risk factors for...

INTRODUCTION Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are relatively new antihyperglycemic agents that lower renal glucose reabsorption. They are used as adjunctive therapy to standard diabetes treatment. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 62-year-old woman with a past medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and sudden-onset diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Use of canagliflozin, ...

let a and b be n × m matrices. the matrix b is said to be g-row majorized (respectively g-column majorized) by a, if every row (respectively column) of b, is g-majorized by the corresponding row (respectively column) of a. in this paper all kinds of g-majorization are studied on mn,m, and the possible structure of their linear preservers will be found. also all linear operators t : mn,m ---> mn...