Despite the ubiquitous reference to the concept of social norms in the social sciences, there is no consensus about the power of social norms to direct human action. For some, norms have a central and regular influence on human behavior, while for others, the concept is too vague, and the evidence we have about norm compliance is too contradictory to support the claim that they appreciably affe...

BACKGROUND Studying animal cognition in a social setting is associated with practical and statistical challenges. However, conducting cognitive research without disturbing species-typical social groups can increase ecological validity, minimize distress, and improve animal welfare. Here, we review the existing literature on cognitive research run with primates in a social setting in order to de...

During their stay on death row, inmates have an abundance of free time with which they need to fill. Many inmates will turn to religion in order to preoccupy themselves. This research project set out to analyze the nature of religious coping among death row inmates. I propose that an inmate who is actively involved with their religion while coping will be able to cope with the social setting of...

BACKGROUND Due to outdoor and residual transmission and insecticide resistance, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) will be insufficient as stand-alone malaria vector control interventions in many settings as programmes shift toward malaria elimination. Combining additional vector control interventions as part of an integrated strategy would potentially ove...

Bystanders in a real world's social setting have the ability to influence people's beliefs and behavior. This study examines whether this effect can be recreated in a virtual environment, by exposing people to virtual bystanders in a classroom setting. Participants (n = 26) first witnessed virtual students answering questions from an English teacher, after which they were also asked to answer q...

No-take Marine Protected Areas (Nt-MPAs) constitute an indispensable tool for biodiversity conservation. Nevertheless, there are other instruments such as marine coastal co-management policy frameworks which may be also considered as tools for conservation or as ancillary conservation instruments. Using focus groups, semi-structured interviews and survey questionnaires we analysed small-scale a...

Correction After publication of this article, it came to our attention that an author's name was misspelled. The correct name is Elise P Jansma. The authors and Publisher apologize to the readers for the inconvenience caused. Vet HCW: Systematic review: do patient expectations influence treatment outcomes in total knee and total hip arthroplasty? Cite this article as: Haanstra et al.: Correctio...

premixed non-setting calcium hydroxide (caoh 2 ) paste in pressure syringe system is commonly used in root canal therapy. the aim of this paper is to present a case involving an iatrogenic extrusion of the medicament during endodontic treatment and a literature review of similar reports. the present case demonstrates severe tissue necrosis and other deleterious effects following the extrusion o...

this article addresses the interplay between heat of hydration and physico-mechanical properties of calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate in the presence of retarding additives such as citric and malic acids and sodium citrate. the heat of hydration was measured using a semi-isothermal calorimeter. results proved that citric and malic acids had superior impact on hydration and mechanical properties. whi...

background: one of the methods used for standard setting is the borderline regression method (brm). this study aims to assess the reliability of brm when the pass-fail standard in an objective structured clinical examination (osce) was calculated by averaging the brm standards obtained for each station separately. materials and methods: in nine stations of the osce with direct observation the e...