Gulf War illness (GWI) is a chronic disease of unknown etiology characterized by persistent symptoms such as cognitive impairment, unexplained fatigue, pervasive pain, headaches, and gastrointestinal abnormalities. Current reports suggest that as many as 200,000 veterans who served in the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War were afflicted. Several potential triggers of GWI have been proposed including c...

Background: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), is a debilitating condition that presents with a range of symptoms, including fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, muscular and joint pain, and may be immune-mediated. In particular, patients exhibit abnormal cytokine expression. Similarly, in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), patients display neuroimmunological symptoms,...

Plumeria rubra Linn of the family Apocynaceae is locally known in Malaysia as "Kemboja". It has been used by local traditional medicine practitioners for the treatment of arthritis-related disease. The LCMS/MS analysis of the methanol extract of flowers (PR-ME) showed that it contains 3-O-caffeyolquinic acid, 5-caffeoquinic acid, 1,3-dicaffeoquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, citric acid, 3,3-di-O-...

Uptake of the antitumor agents hexamethylmelamine and pentamethylmelamine by L5178Y lymphoblasts was studied using both theoretical and experimental approaches. Using the analysis of Lieb and Stein, it was predicted that, if these two drugs enter L51 78Y cells by simple diffusion, uptake would be essentially complete in less than 10 sec. Experimentally, up take of intact hexamethylmelamine and ...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity is increasing exponentially world over. Leptin resistance/hyperleptinemia is attributed to its cause in majority of the obese humans where mutation in genetic component or ob gene has not been found operative. The generation of oxidative stress was suggested as its cause. In our previous study, we have reported that the inclusion of antioxidant...

Riv Psichiatr 2016; 51(4): 164-165 Domenico Ghirlandaio (1449-1494) fu considerato da Giorgio Vasari, il celebre autore delle Vite, uno dei principali pittori della propria epoca data l’alta qualità e la moltitudine delle opere che concepì e realizzò. Oggi, nonostante il suo stile non corrisponda più alle aspettative del gusto, è impossibile negare quanto il maestro di Michelangelo abbia influi...

The human THP-1 cell line is widely used as an in vitro model system for studying macrophage differentiation and function. Conventional culture conditions for these cells consist of ambient oxygen pressure (∼20% v/v) and medium supplemented with the thiol 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) and serum. In consideration of the redox activities of O₂ and 2-ME, and the extensive experimental evidence supporti...

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with a high risk of mortality in the clinical situation. Many factors are involved in I/R, including reactive oxygen species, cytokine release, and apoptosis. We aimed to determine whether a pure methyl eugenol (ME) given before intestinal ischemia, protects against intestinal I/R injury and the possible mechanism involved in this prote...