Background: Identifying regional types and evaluating the frequency of pneumococcal strains has become increasingly important especially in vaccination. The purpose of this study was the identification and frequency determination of our regional serotype and evaluation of the performance of recent type specific multiplex PCR for the diagnosis of streptococcus pneumonia serotypes. Methods: All ...

the aim of the present study was using rt-pcr for the diagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis virus and massachusetts serotype in tissue samples. optimization of a molecular diagnostic method for the detection of avian bronchitis virus and identification of massachusetts serotype was investigated. in order to detect infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in tissue samples, an rt-pcr was optimized. ...

This study presents serogroup 6 isolates from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) before and after the recommendation for childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in Germany (July 2006). A total of 19,299 (children: 3508, adults: 15,791) isolates were serotyped. Serogroup 6 isolates accounted for 9.5% (children) and 6.7% (adults), respectively. 548 isolates had serotype 6A, 558 had serotype...

the study was conducted to determine the type, frequency and severity of gross, histopathologic changes, effect of route of infection and also, tissue tropism of serotype 793/b (4/91) infectious bronchitis virus. 20 day-old specific pathogen free chicks were inoculated intra-tracheally and intra-orally with 793/b serotype and lesions studied histopathologically at interval up to 10 days post-in...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Historical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . First appearance of the lethal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Characteristics of the lethal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proof of the maternal ...

OBJECTIVE Self-help agencies (SHAs) are consumer-operated service organizations managed as participatory democracies. Members are involved in all aspects of organizational management, because a premise of SHAs is that organizationally empowered individuals become more empowered in their own lives, which promotes recovery. The study sought to determine the effectiveness of combined SHA and commu...