Thirty blood samples were collected randomly from each of the 38 breeder-broiler farms in Jordan. Serum samples were examined using indirect ELISA for specific antibodies to avian influenza virus. The overall true flock-level sero-prevalence of avian influenza was 71% (95% CI: 55,83). Positive flocks had 2-30 sero-positive chickens and half of flocks had >20 sero-positive birds. The number of s...

Objective: The present study attempts to determine normal values of CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio, total WBC and differential counts, hematocrit and total lymphocyte count (TLC) in healthy HIV sero-negative and sero-positive subjects, and to assess the prognostic significance of these parameters in these subjects as compared to AIDS subjects. Material and Methods: A total of 300 subjects (147 M, 153 ...

BACKGROUND Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) are both major global health concerns as they cause high mortality and morbidity in the developing countries. However, while data exists for the co-infection in other countries, little or no information can be found with regard to the sero-prevalence of HIV and HCV co-infection in Nigeria, albeit in pregnant women attendi...

BACKGROUND India has an estimated 2.0 million to 3.1 million people living with HIV; it has the highest number of HIV-positive people in Asia and ranks third in the world. The Frontiers Prevention Project (FPP) was implemented in 2002 to conduct targeted prevention intervention geared towards female sex workers (FSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) in the state of Andhra Pradesh (AP). This ...

background : visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is an endemic disease in some areas of iran. a cross- sectional study was conducted for sero-epidemiological survey of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in baft district from kerman province, southeast of iran. methods: blood samples  were  collected  from children  up to 12 years old and 10% of adult population from baft villages with a multi-stage ran...

A cross-sectional serological, active outbreak search and a questionnaire-based survey were carried out to investigate foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) sero-epidemiology in Ethiopia. The circulating serotype of the FMD virus (FMDV) was identified, knowledge regarding husbandry practices assessed. Using questionnaire survey, total 237 individuals interviewed, majority responded that there is no prac...

PURPOSE Cryptogenic epilepsy, defines a group of epilepsy syndromes for which an aetiology is unknown but an underlying brain disease is suspected. We selected patients in this subgroup of epilepsy and investigated the sero-positivity rate for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). We investigated the probable relationship between Toxoplasma gondii and cryp...

BACKGROUND Published incidence rates of human salmonella infections are mostly based on numbers of stool culture-confirmed cases reported to public health surveillance. These cases constitute only a small fraction of all cases occurring in the community. The extent of underascertainment is influenced by health care seeking behaviour and sensitivity of surveillance systems, so that reported inci...

Background: Infection with cytomegalo virus is usually asymptomatic however in pregnant women the risk of congenital infection and foetal abnormalities makes antenatal screening for CMV necessary. The aim this study was to determine sero-prevalence factors among Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive conducted betwee...

Bacterial antigens representing 14 of the most common clinical isolates requiring serological confirmation for identification were prepared. These antigens were stable for periods in excess of 5 months, readily available, and sero-specific. Use of these antigens for quality control of bacterial typing antisera increased the accuracy, reduced the technician time, and obviated the delay which oth...