A traditional view of the nature of species holds that populations within species maintain genetic cohesion through substantial intraspecific gene flow and that the whole genome of a species is protected from interspecific gene flow by strong reproductive isolation. Both aspects of this view have been challenged. Reproductive barriers between recently evolved species can be incomplete and perme...

This paper describes and discusses the impacts of the passage of cold fronts on the vertical structure of the Carlos Botelho (Lobo-Broa) Reservoir as demonstrated by changes in physical, chemical, and biological variables. The data were obtained with a continuous system measuring 9 variables in vertical profiles in the deepest point of the reservoir (12 m) coupled with climatological informatio...

Two new species of Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 are described from Brazil and Bolivia, D. mottaisp. n. from Distrito Federal and the state of Goiás, Brazil, and D. camargorumsp. n. from the state of Rondônia, Brazil, and the La Paz region, Bolivia. Males of the two new species resemble Dolichothele bolivianum (Vol, 2001) in having a small subapical keel on the distal embolus and females in p...

Approximate Bayesian Computational (ABC) methods, or likelihood-free methods, have appeared in the past fifteen years as useful methods to perform Bayesian analysis when the likelihood is analytically or computationally intractable. Several ABC methods have been proposed: MCMC methods have been developed by Marjoram et al. [2003] and by Bortot et al. [2007] for instance, and sequential methods ...

part of its information-gathering activity. The views, conclusions, and recommendations are not intended to represent the views of the Commission. part of its information-gathering activity. The views, conclusions, and recommendations are not intended to represent the views of the Commission. Disclaimer This is a working paper of the World Commission on Dams-the report published herein was prep...

Three new species of the spider genus Philoponella Mello-Leitão, 1917 are described: Philoponella opelli n. sp. from Brazil and Ecuador, and Philoponella fluviidulcifis n. sp. , and Philoponella duopunctata n. sp. from Brazil. New records for Philoponella vittata (Keyserling, 1881), P. republicana (Simon, 1891), P. fasciata (Mello-Leitão, 1917) and P. divisa Opell, 1979 are provided for Brazil ...

J. J. Flint, B. Hansen, S. Portnoy, C. H. Lee, M. A. King, M. Fey, F. Vincent, P. Vestergaard-Poulsen, and S. J. Blackband Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl, United States, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl, United States, Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, Electrical Engineering, University ...

Bovine mastitis is very common in cows of both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis (SCM) varies from region to region. Hence, the present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of mastitis using three diagnostic tests by considering different risk factors like age, lactation, breed, season, quarters, and herd. The results showed tha...

BACKGROUND Lejeunea is a largely epiphytic, subcosmopolitan liverwort genus with a complex taxonomic history. Species circumscriptions and their relationships are subject to controversy; biogeographic history and diversification through time are largely unknown. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS We employed sequences of two chloroplast regions (trnL-trnF, rbcL) and the nuclear ribosomal ITS region of 3...

In recent decades, democratic countries have signed hundreds of international environmental agreements (IEAs). Most of these are weak and do not include effective enforcement. To study this puzzle, we propose a positive theory of IEAs in which the political incumbents negotiate in the shadow of reelections. We show that incumbents are prone to negotiate treaties that are simultaneously overambi...