Water flow in plant tissues takes place in two different physical domains separated by semipermeable membranes: cell insides and cell walls. The assembly of all cell insides and cell walls are termed symplast and apoplast, respectively. Water transport is pressure driven in both, where osmosis plays an essential role in membrane crossing. In this paper, a microscopic model of water flow and tra...

Here we propose a new concept for the fabrication of a semipermeable enzymatic nanoreactor as an efficient modulator to reversibly switch the pH of an aqueous environment. We used amino-functionalized, expanded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (EMSN) as a model nanocarrier to load enzymes. In order to protect enzymes from the interference of a complicated environment, polyelectrolyte multilayers...

Families of semipermeable curves in differential games with the homicidal chauffeur dynamics are studied both from theoretical and computational points of view. The knowledge of such families is very useful because semipermeable curves bound capture sets in games of kind. They can also appear as barrier lines on which value functions of time-optimal differential games are discontinuous. Two exa...

A methodology is presented for calculating of the surface potential, Donnan potential, and ion concentration profiles for semipermeable microbial membranes that is valid for an arbitrary electrolyte composition. This model for surface potential, Donnan potential, and charge density was applied to recently reported experimental data for gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus brevis, Rhodococ...

Water management is crucial for reliable operation of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC). Here, the gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays an essential role as it has to ensure efficient water removal from and oxygen transport catalyst layer. In this study through porous carbon felt GDLs was simulated using a 3D Color-Gradient Lattice Boltzmann model. Simulations were carried out on micro...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous infectious pathogen that, when transmitted to the fetus in utero, can result in numerous sequelae, including late-onset sensorineural damage. The villous trophoblast, the cellular barrier between maternal blood and fetal tissue in the human placenta, is infected by HCMV in vivo. Primary trophoblasts cultured on impermeable surfaces can be infected by...

It has been shown that thin-film dialysis can be performed in such a way that the limiting rate is the rate of entry of the solute into the membrane from the high-concentration side. The rate of diffusion, therefore, reflects the probability of a molecule entering the pores on the surface and does not depend on the resistance to diffusion offered by the internal structure of the membrane. The g...