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Dictionaries are inherently circular in nature. A given word is linked to a set of alternative words (the definition) which in turn point to further descendants. Iterating through definitions in this way, one typically finds that definitions loop back upon themselves. The graph formed by such definitional relations is our object of study. By eliminating those links which are not in loops, we ar...

Focuses on the issue of increasing environmental and societal complexity, and its effects on the individual, especially visible in the increase of self-reference (the commonalities between man, animals and machines). Distinguishes three meanings of self-reference and discusses the interrelationships between self-reference, alienation, and growing societal complexity: states that, especially in ...

Certain doxastic paradoxes (paradoxes analogous to the Paradox of the Liar but involving ideal belief instead of truth) demonstrate that some formal paradoxes cannot be avoided simply by limiting the expressiveness of one's formal language in order to exclude the very possibility of self-referential thoughts and beliefs. These non-selfreferential paradoxes, moreover, should be of special intere...

In this paper, I start by showing that sorites paradoxes are inclosure paradoxes. That is, they fit the Inclosure Scheme which characterizes the paradoxes of self-reference. Given that sorites and self-referential paradoxes are of the same kind, they should have the same kind of solution. The rest of the paper investigates what a dialetheic solution to sorites paradoxes is like, connections wit...

In practical Ultra-Wideband (UWB) systems, Rake receivers are not able to fully take advantage of all resolvable paths, because of the required computational and power resources. On the other hand, Transmitted Reference (TR) schemes are simple, robust structures with low power consumption and they do not require channel estimation, but they sustain a 3dB energy/rate loss, as each symbol require...

1. The semiotic paradox of self-reference in the media Self-reference has been much discussed as a characteristic of postmodernism. The arts and the media have become increasingly self-referential. Instead of showing or representing the world as seen or experienced by the mediators of art, the press, advertising, or the movies, the artists, journalists, advertising agents, and film directors ar...

1. 1901-1935: Four Positions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 A. Freud..................................................... ....... 202 B. Clapan!de......... ..................................... ....... 203 C. Bartlett.. ......................................................... 204 D. Koffka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....