Spikenard, the dried roots of Nardostachys chinensis, contains sesquiterpenoids and is widely used as an herbal tranquilizer. We previously demonstrated that spikenard vapor showed a sedative effect when administered by inhalation, and we identified hydrocarbon sesquiterpenoids as active components. Here we investigated the other components that contribute to the effects of spikenard. Six oxyge...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To update and review the application of dexmedetomidine in anesthesia and intensive care. This study is a comprehensive review of clinical uses, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action and adverse effects of dexmedetomidine. CONTENT The effective use of sedative-hypnotic agents and analgesics is an integral part of comfort and safety of patients. Dexmedet...

Background: Children often require sedation for long non-invasive diagnostic procedures. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic and analgesic properties. It mimics natural sleep allows patients to easily arouse minimal effects on respiration airway patency. Objective: To assess the successful completion of pediatric procedures intranasal dex...

OBJECTIVE Care of critically ill children includes sedation but current therapies are suboptimal. To describe dexmedetomidine use in children supported on mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data from the Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure clinical trial. SETTING Thirty-one PICUs. PATIENTS Data from 2,449 chil...

OBJECTIVE The authors sought to identify patterns and associations of prescription and over-the-counter sedative-hypnotic use in an older, rural, blue-collar, community-based cohort in southwestern Pennsylvania over 10 years. METHODS A group of 1,627 individuals age 65 and over were recruited and assessed during 1987-1989 and re-assessed during approximately biennial waves. Data included slee...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Sedative use is common in endoscopic examinations. The anxiety regarding sedative use may be different between doctors and nonmedical individuals. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted by a research company (DOOIT Survey), and responses were collected from 649 doctors and 1,738 individuals who perform typical jobs in nonmedical fields. In this study, these ordinary work...

This study examined the effects of stimulating and sedative music on ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and feeling status during exercise in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients. Twenty-two male and female older adults age 64 ± 8.0 y currently enrolled in phase III CR completed the study. Repeated measures crossover designs guided data collection. The ma...

To ensure that sedative agents in the intensive care unit are used for maximum benefit, a guideline that promotes the accurate and continuous assessment of patients' needs is indicated. This observational 24-month prospective study investigated the effect of introducing a sedation management guideline into a 10-bedded multidisciplinary intensive care unit on length of stay, severity of illness,...

objective: the present study was undertaken to evaluate the possible analgesic, neuropharmacological, anti-diarrheal, and cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extract of leaves of solanum sisymbriifolium lam. (family: solanaceae). materials and methods: the analgesic activity was measured by acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition test. the neuropharmacological activities were evaluated using ho...