tulip is one of the most important flowers to precocity. treatment of tulip bulbs with gibberellic acid reduces the forcing period in the greenhouse resulting energy saving and reduces the tulip’s physiological disorders. this study carried out about three tulip cultivars includes ‘lacourtine’, ‘yokohama’ and ‘red favourite’. the results showed that gibberellic acid reduced significantly stem l...

The four methods of examining the relation of amount of multiple crossing over to age of mothers agree in showing that the "internode length" or average distance required for double crossing over has changed in a characteristic fashion, giving an M-shaped curve. These changes have not been independent of changes in total recombination but concomitant with them. However, the changes in recombina...

Rose bush architecture, among other factors, such as plant health, determines plant visual quality. The commercial product is the individual plant and interplant variability may be high within a crop. Thus, both mean plant architecture and interplant variability should be studied. Expansion is an important feature of architecture, but it has been little studied at the level of individual organs...

The extraction and analysis of plant phenotypic characteristics are critical issues for many precision agriculture applications. An improved YOLOv5 model was proposed in this study accurate node detection internode length estimation crops by using an end-to-end approach. In YOLOv5, a feature module added front each head, the bounding box loss function used original network replaced SIoU functio...

abstract in order to study the effect of planting density and branch pruning on growth, yield and quality of greenhouse muskmelon, a study has been conducted using a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications and three factors, including cultivar (galia-52 and mirella), branch pruning (1 and 2 branch per plant), and plant density (2, 2.4, 2.8 and 3.6 plants p...

Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) activity extractable from internodes of tall and dwarf varieties of pea (Pisum sativum L.) was assayed radiochemically using tamarind seed xyloglucan as donor substrate and an oligosaccharidyl-[3H]alditol as acceptor substrate. Internodes I and II showed little elongation during the period 15 to 21 d after sowing; XET activity remained relatively constant a...