BACKGROUND Schmallenberg virus (SBV) emerged in northern-Europe in 2011 resulting in an epidemic of ruminant abortions and congenital malformations throughout the continent. In the years following the epidemic there have been reports of SBV overwintering and continued circulation in several European countries. When the population-level of immunity declines in exposed regions, re-introduction of...

Wheat lines with Fusarium crown rot and nematode resistances arrived in November of 2006 from the laboratory of Dr. Richard Smiley. In this initial collection, we received 69 wheat lines (46 spring and 23 winter) displaying varying levels of resistance to Fusarium crown rot and plant parasitic nematodes including those to root lesion nematodes (RLN). The late arrival of the collection limited o...

Objectives: Although lung function decline is a normal ageing process, it can be potentiated by risk factors. However, the potential impact of early life factors on lung function decline has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential correlation between birth season and adult lung function. Methods: We enrolled 1008 South Korean patients (530 men and 478 women...

AIM The aim of the present study was to generate baseline data on the normal values of the thyroidhormone (TH) activity as well as their correlation with age and season. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples (10 ml) were collected from jugular vein of 30 female mithun's of three different age groups viz. Calves (6 months to 1 year), heifer (1-3 years) and adult (above 3 years) during the three ...

This study was conducted to study climatic and air pollution of Tripoli city center, Libya using ambient air quality station; during the period between Jan. to Dec. 2014. Particulate matter, Ozone, Carbon oxides (CO & CO2), Nitrogen oxides (NO & NO2), Sulphur gases (SO2 & H2S) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were determined using Aeroqual AQM-60 Environmental Station. The objective was to...

BACKGROUND Previous research has demonstrated that the season of birth may predict development of emotional and behavioral regulation during childhood or adolescence. This study examined whether the season of birth predicts effortful control (i.e., the ability to voluntarily choose course of actions during conflict and to plan for the future) and aggression (i.e., the use of physical force and ...

This study evaluated effects of trailer design and season on physical indicators of stress during loading and unloading and transport losses (dead and nonambulatory pigs) in market-weight pigs (BW = 129.6 +/- 0.40 kg). A total of 109 trailer loads of pigs (n = 17,256 pigs) from 1 farm were used in a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments: 1) trailer de...

The response of microbial respiration from soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition to environmental changes plays a key role in predicting future trends of atmospheric CO2 concentration. However, it remains uncertain whether there is a universal trend in the response of microbial respiration to increased temperature and nutrient addition among different vegetation types. In this study, soils we...