This work describes a micropropagation protocol for plants of Cynara scolymus cv. Early French, employing cyclodextrins during the rhizogenesis stage. Shoot apices were established in basic culture medium consisting of Murashige Skoog mineral salts modified by 50% reduction in NH4NO3 and KNO3, Heller's micronutrients, Gamborg's vitamins, 100 mg l ÿ1 myo-inositol, 30 g lÿ1 saccharose and 8.0 g l...

Here something stubborn comes, Dislodging the earth crumbs And making crusty rubble. It comes up bending double, And looks like a green staple. It could be seedling maple, Or artichoke, or bean. That remains to be seen. —Richard Wilbur, " Seed Leaves " (1–8) Whether reading or writing mathematics, it is over the simplest theorems that we linger. Something quickens at the hope that such a theore...

The recently acquired genome sequence of globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) has been used to catalog the genome's content of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. More than 177,000 perfect SSRs were revealed, equivalent to an overall density across the genome of 244.5 SSRs/Mbp, but some 224,000 imperfect SSRs were also identified. About 21% of these SSRs were complex (two stretc...