R esearch integrity and a corollary scientific misconduct have received increasing attention in the literature in the last three decades. Most of the research conducted on scientific misconduct has been focused on principal investigators (PIs) and other scientists involved in the research enterprise. By virtue of their position, research coordinators (RCs), many of whom are nurses, are often cl...

Many scientists consider scientific integrity to be a self-evident basic moral attitude. They are of the honest opinion that scientific misconduct is very rare and they also cannot imagine that it could in fact occur in their own institutions.However, this opinion must be considered in the light of international experience in this respect. There are still many examples of scientific misconduct....

Under the guidelines adopted by the United States (U.S.) Office of Research Integrity (ORI), scientific misconduct is defined by one or more of three activities: fabrication of data, falsification of results, and plagiarism or the improper appropriation of other people's ideas or written work. This paper discusses whether three other breaches in scientific ethics, namely ghost writing, fabricat...

Scientific misconduct is a global problem, yet protocols for addressing it remain highly fragmented and uneven. A conference held last month in Lisbon aimed to encourage international efforts to promote research integrity and to prevent misconduct.

The scientific body of literature is an integral part of oncology advanced practice that provides advanced practitioners (APs) with evidence for clinical decision-making and directly impacts patient quality of care and outcomes. Advanced practitioners not only utilize information from the literature but continue to make significant contributions to the existing body of knowledge. In both cases,...

The frequency with which scientists fabricate and falsify data, or commit other forms of scientific misconduct is a matter of controversy. Many surveys have asked scientists directly whether they have committed or know of a colleague who committed research misconduct, but their results appeared difficult to compare and synthesize. This is the first meta-analysis of these surveys. To standardize...

Research has suggested that scientific misconduct may be partially socialized during t h e undergraduate years (Keith-Spiegel, Lee, Spiegel and Zinn-Monroe, manuscript in preparation). For example, many undergraduate s t u d ents believe that they will get better grades on their experimental projects if they can produce statistically "significant" results. Students also allow sympathetic situat...

Under pressure to publish, academicians and research scientists are increasingly indulging in scientific misconduct leading to retraction of such papers when identified. Other reasons of retraction include scientific error and problems related to ethics. Four published manuscripts (three from Turkey and one from Pakistan) had to be retracted from Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences from Januar...