Antibody responses directed against the Plasmodium falciparum antigens, total extract, anti-merozoite surface protein-3 (MSP3b) and glutamate-rich protein (Glurp-R0) were studied in 42 children exposed to both Schistosoma haematobium and P. falciparum infections. The association between levels of the anti-malaria IgG subclasses and IgM with host age, sex, schistosome infection intensity and sch...

An unnamed microcercous cercaria (Digenea: Monorchiidae), a parasite of Amiantis purpurata (Lamarck, 1818) (Bivalvia: Veneridae) and its corresponding metacercaria from the province of Buenos Aires and the Patagonian coast of the Southwest Atlantic Ocean, are described. The cercaria described in this paper differs from the three other monorchiid microcercous cercariae, i.e., Lasiotocus minutus ...

Schistosome worms have been infecting humans for millennia, but it is only in the last half century that we have begun to understand the complexities of this inter-relationship. As our sophistication about the inner workings of every aspect of the immune system has increased, it has also become obvious that schistosome infections have broad ranging effects on nearly all of the innate and adapti...

background: in this study the haemolymph components of infected and none infected lymnaea gedrosiana with xiphidiocercaria larvae was compared. methods: five hundred fifty lymnaea snails were collected from ilam and mazandaran prov­inces, iran, during 2008-2009. the snails were transported to the lab at tehran university of medi­cal sciences and their cercarial sheddings were studied. haemolmyp...

The cercaria of Bucephalus minimus infects the digestive gland and gonads of its first intermediate host, the edible cockle, Cerastoderma edule. Light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the cercaria showed a tail formed by a central stem, with 2 long contractile arms presenting distinct morphological surfaces. The encysted metacercaria naturally infected the flathead grey...

CLAWN miniature pig has been shown to serve as a suitable host for the experimental infection of Schistosoma japonicum. In this study, we found that radiation-attenuated cercaria (RAC) vaccine gave CLAWN miniature pigs protective immunity against subsequent challenge infection with S. japonicum cercaria. To characterize the protective immune response of the pig model vaccinated by attenuated ce...

The present study analysed the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of two species of xiphidiocercariae of the 'microcotylae' group, Cercaria pugnax La Valette St. George, 1855, from Viviparus viviparus (Linnaeus) in the Ukraine and Cercaria helvetica XII Dubois, 1928 from Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus) in Lithuania. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of the ITS2 reg...

Schistosoma mansoni cercaria and schistosomulum obtained in vitro were used in immunofluorescence (IF) tests and indirect hemagglutination (IHA) tests of 137 study sera, 44 from subjects infected with S. mansoni and 93 from healthy subjects residing outside areas endemic for the disease. The results of these tests were compared with those obtained by testing the same sera using conventional adu...

Cercaria caribbea LVIII Cable, 1963 (Digenea: Cyathocotylidae) was detected from a brackish water gastropod species (Cerithideopsilla cingulata) in a coatal area of Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do (Province), the Republic of Korea, and its surface ultrastructure was studied using a scanning electron microscope. The cercariae were found freely swimming or enveloped within daughter sporocysts when the s...