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subjective–objective or chaotic–orderly. 14 This ready-made character of scale is well suited for adherents of critical realism, since it too sports a hierarchically organized set of ontological building blocks (of structures, mechanisms and events; see Sayer 1992, 141, 237). Realism’s dualisms and scalar hierarchies often intertwine, again notwithstanding Sayer’s cautionary remarks (1991; also...

from any of the three federal Canadian funding agencies must be reviewed and approved in advance by a human research ethics board (REB). The Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS) requires that each institution be fully responsible for the ethics review of human research conducted under its auspices (Article 1.2). This provision has been interpreted t...

This document or any other document produced within the SUSTELNET project does not represent the opinion of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission, is responsible for the use that might be made of the information arising from the SUSTELNET project. Abstract This report identifies the main factors at play with regard to the int...

The complexity of planning tasks have increased over the past decade. There is relatively poor understanding what the implications are of increased task complexity in planning and scheduling operations. Previous work in the behavorial sciences have investigated the concept of cognitive load, addressing both task complecity and task workload or stress, and have concluded that decision makers ten...

Consumers frequently consume items to the point where they no longer enjoy them. In a pilot study and two experiments spanning three distinct classes of stimuli, we find that people can recover from this satiation by simply recalling the variety of alternative items they have consumed in the past. And yet, people seem to exhibit “variety amnesia” in that they do not spontaneously recall this pa...

This paper presents a new approach of building a language identification system using a specialized Phone Recognition system followed by Language Modeling (PRLM) to differentiate Portuguese varieties spoken in African Countries from European Portuguese. The system is designed to focus on exploiting the phonotactic information of a single discriminatively trained tokenizer for the specific pair ...