drought is a major environmental disaster in many parts of the world. knowledge about the timing, severity and extentof drought can aid planning and decision-making. drought indices derived from in-situ meteorological data have coarsespatial and temporal resolutions, thus, obtaining a real-time drought condition over a large area is difficult. this studyused advanced very high resolution radiom...

introduction frost as a harmful climatologic phenomenon affects various human activities and biological processes. due to mountainous nature of kurdistan province as the study area of this research in one hand and type and diversity of effective air masses on the other, the frequency, severity and duration of this phenomenon in the province are outstanding. confronting frost could be one of the...

Attributed to climatic change and uncertainty of weather conditions, drought has become a recurrent phenomenon. It is manifested by erratic and uncertain rainfall distribution in rainfall dependent farming areas. The hitherto methods of monitoring drought employed conventional methods that rely on availability of metrological data. The objectives of this research were to: 1) identify the critic...

We have analyzed the global tropospheric temperature for 1978 to 2002 with the use of passive microwave sounding data from the NOAA series of polar orbiters and the Earth Observing System Aqua satellite. To accurately retrieve the climatic trend, we combined the satellite data with an analytic model of temperature that contains three different time scales: a linear trend and functions that defi...

Analyzing temporal series of satellite data for regional scale studies demand high accuracy in calibration and precise geo-rectification at higher spatial resolution. The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor aboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) series of satellites provide daily observations for the last 30 years at a nominal resolution of 1.1 km ...

The main finding by Po-Chedley and Fu was that the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) microwave sounding unit (MSU) product has a bias in itsNOAA-9midtropospheric channel (TMT)warm target factor, which leads to a cold bias in the TMT trend. This reply demonstrates that the central arguments by Christy and Spencer to challenge Po-Chedley and Fu do not stand. This reply establishes that 1)...

Satellite CO2 retrievals from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT), Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), and Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and in situ measurements from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory (NOAA-ESRL) Surface CO2 and Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) are utilized to explore the CO2 variability at...

Yuxiang He 1,2,* ID , Yu Zhang 3, Robert Kuligowski 4, Robert Cifelli 5 and David Kitzmiller 1 1 Office of Water Prediction (OWP), National Weather Service (NWS), NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; [email protected] 2 University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR), Boulder, CO 80307, USA 3 University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA; [email protected] 4 NOAA/NE...