OBJECTIVE To analyze the immunological pattern of nasal polyposis in patients with and without allergy, the percentages of CD4+ cells expressing intracellular interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 (T helper [T(H)] type 1 and 2 cells) were measured by flow cytometry in samples from patients with nasal polyps. METHODS Samples from 32 patients (16 atopic, 16 nonatopic) were studied. The fresh nasal...

INTRODUCTION We aimed to design a real-time reverse-transcriptase-PCR (rRT-PCR), high-resolution melting (HRM) assay to detect the H275Y mutation that confers oseltamivir resistance in influenza A/H1N1 2009 viruses. FINDINGS A novel strategy of amplifying a single base pair, the relevant SNP at position 823 of the neuraminidase gene, was chosen to maintain specificity of the assay. Wildtype a...

Toxoplasmosis is a major zoonotic disease of warm-blooded animals caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Cats are the only definitive host and they excrete environmentally resistant T. gondii oocysts in their faeces. Coproscopy was used to detect oocysts of enteric coccidians and then Copro-PCR was employed to test specifically for T. gondii in 470 cat samples. The prevalence of T. gondii oocysts was 2.3...

Trypanosoma irwini was previously described from koalas and we now report the finding of a second novel species, T. gilletti, as well as the extension of the host range of Trypanosoma copemani to include koalas. Phylogenetic analysis at the 18S rDNA and gGAPDH loci demonstrated that T. gilletti was genetically distinct with a genetic distance (± s.e.) at the 18S rDNA locus of 2.7 ± 0.5% from T....

The aim of this study was to clarify the significance of DNA methylation alterations shared by cancers derived from multiple organs. We analyzed single-institutional methylome data by single-CpG-resolution Infinium assay for 1007 samples of non-cancerous tissue (N) and corresponding cancerous tissue (T) obtained from lung, stomach, kidney, breast and liver. Principal component analysis revealed...

infection by the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii, is widespread in humans and many other species of warm-blooded animals. it can cause significant morbidity and mortality in the developing fetus and in immunocompromised individuals, including humans with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome - aids or submitted to cancer chemotherapy. among livestock, sheep and goat are more widely infected w...

Data protection specialists need flexible software tools for the exploratory use of protection methods to generate high quality confidential data. Microdata protection is widely used and is often the only possible way to provide data to both researchers and users. In this paper we present a methodological and computational framework for the generation of anonymised microdata and give insights t...

A total of 200 whole blood samples along with thin blood samples smears and 100 samples of ticks from 20 flocks of sheep from different localities of district Lahore with a history of tick infestation , relapse of fever and anemia were screened for the prevalence of Theileria species during spring and summer seasons in 2007. On microscopic examination 44/200 (22%) samples were positive for Thei...

BACKGROUND The 23S rRNA A2058G point mutation in Treponema pallidum is associated with macrolide antibiotic treatment failure. Its prevalence and potential association with a molecular subtype within the United States are unknown. METHODS During 2007 to 2009, 11 clinics across the United States sent samples from genital ulcers to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Molecular techn...

Despite the economic impact of trypanosome infections, few investigations have been undertaken on the population genetics and transmission dynamics of animal trypanosomes. In this study, microsatellite markers were used to investigate the population genetics of Trypanosoma congolense "forest type", with the ultimate goal of understanding its transmission dynamics between tsetse flies and domest...