Methods for small area estimation have been received great attention in recent years due to growing demand for reliable small area estimation that are needed in development planings, allocation of government funds and marking business decisions. The key question in small area estimation is how to obtain reliable estimations when sample size is small. When only a few observations(or even no o...

nowadays, air pollution is a global problem that has had significant growth by technology development, population growth andindustrial development. industrial development brought natural resources deterioration, more manufacturing products, and more environmental pollutants. if pollutant won’t be controlled, human-being and wildlife will face the critical risks. significant release and critical...