The Materia Medica works of Rhazes, (vol2 of Canon), Al-Biruni (Kitab as -Saidana), Abu Mansur (Haqaiq al-Adwiya), Gorgani (Vol 9 and 10 of Zahira-e-Harazmsahi), Ansari Shirazi (Ihtiyarat-e-Bdi i), Hakim Mu min (Tuhfa) and Aqili Hurasani (Aqrabuzin-e Kabir) and others are the most important works of Islamic and Iranian physicians on Natural Drugs. The systematic pharmacognostical, pharmacologic...

BACKGROUND Preparations from anthroposophical medicine (AM) are clinically used to treat inflammatory disorders. We wanted to investigate effects of a selection of AM medications for parenteral use in cell-based systems in vitro. METHODS Colchicum officinale tuber D3, Mandragora D3, Rosmarinus officinale 5% and Bryophyllum 5% were selected for the experiments. Induction of apoptosis and necro...

Dendrobium officinale is an extremely valuable orchid used in traditional Chinese medicine, so sought after that it has a higher market value than gold. Although the expression profiles of some genes involved in the polysaccharide synthesis have previously been investigated, little research has been carried out on their alternatively spliced isoforms in D. officinale. In addition, information r...

OBJECTIVE Salvia divinorum (salvia) is a plant that appears to be enjoying increased popularity as a legal hallucinogen in many U.S. jurisdictions. While the popular press has claimed that its use has become widespread, there have been no epidemiological studies published documenting this within the U.S. METHOD A sample of college students was randomly drawn from a large public university in ...

BACKGROUND Salvia divinorum, a hallucinogenic herb, has in recent years become popular among teenagers and young adults. Salvia is presently marketed as a "legal" alternative to other drugs of abuse, but little is known about the clinical toxicity of this substance. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical and demographic features of this emerging substance of recreati...

Salvia officinalis, L. (Lamiaceae) is one of the most widespread herbal species used in the area of human health and in the food-processing industry. Salvia and its extracts are known to be a rich source of antioxidants. As shown previously, the crude ethanolic extract of salvia (SE) exerts lower anti-oxidative properties in lard compared to the new salvia food formulations No. 1 (SF1; 32% of S...

abstract background: childhood cancers are fatal diseases which cause intense stress and traumatic situations for the ones who experience those diseases. this kind of an emotionally hard life may create some hardships for developing self‑concept. the aim of the study is to put forth the self‑exposure of a school‑age child by using plays. materials and methods: six play sessions had been carried...

abstract background: in developing countries, hemorrhage accounts for 30% of the maternal deaths. postpartum hemorrhage has been defined as blood loss of around 500 ml or more, after completing the third phase of labor. most cases of postpartum hemorrhage occur during the first hour after birth. the most common reason for bleeding in the early hours after childbirth is uterine atony bleeding du...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the photosynthesis and fluorescent parameters between Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium loddigesii, based on which to provide helpful information for the artificial cultivation of these cultivars. METHODS Seeds were placed on the MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L NAA, 2% (w/v) sucrose, 15% (v/v) potato extracts and powered agar (pH 5.8). Two months after germina...