OBJECTIVES This report presents trends in cesarean rates for first births and repeat cesarean rates for low-risk women, in relation to the Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives. Data for the U.S. showing trends by maternal age and race and Hispanic origin are presented. METHODS Cesarean rates were computed based on the information reported on birth certificates. RESULTS With a decrease b...

Electrodynamic space tethers offer the opportunity for in-space “propellantless” propulsion around planets with a magnetic field and an ionosphere. This propulsion is accomplished by converting the magnetic force on the tether current into propulsive or drag thrust to either increase or decrease the orbital energy of the spacecraft system. To validate electrodynamic-tether thrusting, we must be...

The polychaete Notaulax yamasuisp. n. (Sabellidae) is described from Okinawa and Ogasawara, south Japan, where it was found living embedded in a dead skeleton of the coral Porites sp. The new species is characterized by the presence of a pigmented sub-distal swelling on the tips of the crown radioles, a unique feature among species of the genus. Besides, its collar chaetae have an L-shape orien...

In many studies of human movement, calculations of mechanical energy and physiological energy costs of exercise (Aleshinsky, 1986; Bhambhani & Singh, 1985; Cavagna, Thys & Zamboni, 1976; Robertson & Winter, 1980; Pierrynowski, Winter & Norman, 1980; Saito, Ohkuwa, Ikegami & Miyamura, 1983; Sakurai & Miyashita, 1985; Williams & Cavanagh, 1983; Williams, 1985; Winter, Quanbury & Reimer, 1978; Zur...

the object of this paper to derive certain sucient condi-tions for close-to-convexity of certain analytic functions dened on theunit disk

Studies were conducted on the behavior of the nematode, Rhabditis pellio, in the earthworm, Aporrectodea trapezoides, from southern California. Juvenile and adult nematodes were found in the bladders and tubules of the metanephridia of the host. Similar nematodes that entered the coelom were encapsulated and incorporated into multiple capsules ("brown bodies"). It was demonstrated that this hos...

The Retinex algorithm originally presented by Land and McCann uses random paths to explore the image. Throughout the decades, many versions of the Retinex algorithm have been proposed, mainly differing in the way they explore the image, with e.g. random paths, random samples, convolution masks, and variational formulations. In this paper, we propose a step back towards the origin, replacing ran...

BACKGROUND While numerous studies have examined the relationships among correlates of physical activity (PA), less attention has been given to identifying the correlates of low PA duration. The main objective of the current study was to examine correlates of low PA duration, team sports participation and smoking behaviors among adolescents. METHODS Data from the 2005 Colorado Youth Behavioral...

In this study, two thermal-tolerant mutants of Chlorella sp. MT-7 and MT-15, were isolated. In indoor cultivation, specific growth rate (micro, d(-1)) of the mutants were 1.4 to 1.8-fold at 25 degrees Celsius and 3.3 to 6.7-fold at 40 degrees Celsius higher than those of wild type. The carbon dioxide fixation rate of both microalgal mutants was also significantly higher than that of wild type. ...