in this study salix aegyptica hydrolat based carbonated drinks were formulated. differents ratio of salix aegyptica hydrolat (egyption willow water) mixed with carbonated water, citric acid and sugar to adjust the final drink to 10-12 brix and desirable acidity. sensory properties of the products were evaluated at a ranking test by a trained panelists for choosing the best formulation. evaluati...

i (1) We investigated interactions between snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) and their food plants in winter during a cyclic fluctuation in numbers at Kluane, Yukon, between 1977 and 1985. • (2) The winter diet of hares at Kluane was dominated by four species of shrubs and trees. Betula glandulosa, the most preferred species, was common on only four of nine study plots. Salix glauca was eaten m...

Differences in soil and habitat conditions, depending on the type of soil on which shrubby species of willow Salix L. are being grown for energy purposes, are reflected in weed infestation species diversity and the distinctiveness of these crops, and require an individual program of control and reduction of the abundance of competitive herbaceous vegetation. Our study aimed at determining soil ...

Twigs of Salix species are candidates for cryopreservation procedures because they become tolerant of freezing temperatures during mid-winter. We examined several variables in developing a two-step cryopreservation procedure for sections from these twigs. Samples of Salix triandra cooled to -30 or -35 degree C and then transferred to the vapor phase over liquid nitrogen gave the greatest percen...

• Germination and symbiotic development of the myco-heterotrophic plant Monotropa hypopitys were studied by sequential recovery of packets of seed buried in dune slacks in relation to distance from mature M. hypopitys and presence and absence of shoots of its autotrophic coassociate Salix repens . • Fungal associates of M. hypopitys growing under S. repens in the dune slacks, and under S. capre...

Alpine ecosystems are seriously threatened by climate change. One of the key mechanisms by which plants can adapt to changing environmental conditions is through evolutionary change. However, we still know little about the evolutionary potential in wild populations of long-lived alpine plants. Here, we investigated heritabilities of phenological traits, leaf size, and performance traits in natu...

Salix caprea is widely used in folk medicine for rheumatoid arthritis, malaria, various hemorrhages, gout, neuralgia and intestinal diseases as an antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hemostatic, sedative, and antihelminthic agent However, There are no critical reports available about anti diabetic potential of Salix caprea flowers. So anti diabetic effect of methanol extra...

Differences among populations in the intensity of sexual selection resulting from distinct genetic mating systems can lead to divergent morphological evolution and speciation. However, little is known about how genetic mating systems vary between populations and what factors may contribute to this variation. In this study, we compare the genetic mating systems of two geographically distinct pop...

Current taxonomy places all rust fungi that occur on willow (Salix spp.) in North America in one species complex, Melampsora epitea Thüm. Characteristics of M. epitea isolates from the Canadian arctic were compared to M. epitea isolates from temperate regions of North America. Sequences from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA were obtained from urediniospores from rust-infected S...

The success of using Populus and Salix for phytoremediation has prompted further use of leachate as a combination of irrigation and fertilization for the trees. A common protocol for such efforts has been to utilize a limited number of readily-available genotypes with decades of deployment in other applications, such as fiber or windbreaks. However, it may be possible to increase phytoremediati...