BACKGROUND The competence of the tsetse fly Glossina pallidipes (Diptera; Glossinidae) to acquire salivary gland hypertrophy virus (SGHV), to support virus replication and successfully transmit the virus depends on complex interactions between Glossina and SGHV macromolecules. Critical requisites to SGHV transmission are its replication and secretion of mature virions into the fly's salivary gl...

the possibility of chemical modification of peptides and proteins under the condition of proteolytic digestions and fabms analysis was investigated. the results ;indicate that among the amino acid constituents of peptides and proteins: serinefcysteine, and cystine are the most sensitive residues which undergo chemical modificadons under the exprimenta1 conditions. the chemical modification of t...

The saliva of ticks contains anti-haemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory molecules that allow these parasites to obtain a blood meal from the host and help tick-borne pathogens to infect the vertebrate host more efficiently. This makes the salivary molecules attractive targets to control ticks and tick-borne pathogens. Although Ornithodoros moubata and O. erraticus are important ar...

Snake venom is a complex mixture of proteins, peptides, enzymes, carbohydrates, and minerals. They contain a variety of chemicals with pharmacological and toxicological properties. The innate immune system is the first line of defense against toxins and microbes. Antibacterial and anticancer proteins produced by snake venom have recently attracted significant attention due to their relevance to...

Hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) infections are an important cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The natural history has a prominent latent phase, and infected patients may remain undiagnosed; this situation may lead to the continuing spread of these infections in the community. Compelling reasons exist for using saliva as a diagnostic fluid because it meets the demands of bei...

background and objective: chlorella vulgaris is a multi-cellular edible algal species with abundant proteins. extraction of high value protein fractions for pharmaceutical and nutritional applications can significantly increase the commercial value of microalga biomasses. there is no known report on the anticancer peptides derived from the chlorella vulgaris abundant protein. materials and meth...

Salivary Histatin 5 (Hst 5) is an antimicrobial peptide that exhibits potent antifungal activity towards Candida albicans, the causative agent of oral candidiasis. However, it exhibits limited activity in vivo, largely due to inactivation by salivary components of both host and pathogen origin. Proteins secreted by C. albicans during infection such as secreted aspartyl proteases (Saps) and shed...

Background: ECC is one of the most common chronic infectious diseases preschool-aged children (3).Mutans Streptococci (MS) cheif microorganism that causes Saliva a significant factor in thedevelopment teeth decay. have many innate defense molecules take part protection oforal tissues by either direct antimicrobial effect or interference with microbial colonization. These moleculesinclude peptid...

In this review, we extensively describe the main post-translational modifications that give rise to multiple proteoforms characterized date in human salivary proteome and their potential role. Most of data reported were obtained by our group over twenty-five years research carried out on saliva mainly applying a top-down strategy. beginning, products generated proteolytic cleavages, which can o...