Lantibiotics are bacteriocins that contain unusual amino acids such as lanthionines and alpha, beta-didehydro residues generated by posttranslational modification of a ribosomally synthesized precursor protein. The structural gene encoding the novel lantibiotic epilancin K7 from Staphylococcus epidermidis K7 was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The gene, which was named elkA, ...

BACKGROUND Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyyā al-Rāzī, known as Rhazes in the Western world (854-925 CE), was an Iranian polymath, physician and one of the most prominent sages in the medieval period. He wrote several medical books and treaties such as "Continents", a comprehensive medical encyclopedia, treaties in smallpox and measles, "Al-Mansuri" and many other important manuscripts in the medi...

Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi was born in March 1162 in his grandfather’s house in a street called Darb al-Faludhaj in Baghdad. He died there on 9 November 1231, and was buried in the Wardiyah cemetery next to his father, Yusuf. Abd al-Latif travelled extensively and spent a large part of his life in Aleppo, Cairo and Damascus, all three of which were important intellectual centres in the medieval I...

Low back pain and sciatica have been considered as the common morbidities of human kind throughout the history. The explanation of the etiology has been changed during the centuries and still remains a dilemma. Reviewing ancient theories may lead to novel findings about the etiology and its better treatments. First writings about sciatica: among available iranian traditional medicine (ITM) book...

This study explores the private theories of four vocational education teachers in Singapore who have engaged in the design of technology-based learning for their own classes. The understanding of teachers' private theories is important in the context of contemporary educational reforms, which emphasise the shift towards student-centred practices and technology integration. As teachers learn to ...

Abu Ali Hossein Ebn Abdullah Ben Ali Ben Sinna entitled as Shayhk-o-Rayeis in the East and well known in the west by the name of Avicenna was born in a place called Afsharneh near the city of Bokhara in 980 AD but resided in the city of Balkh. He was five years old when his father took him to the city of Bokhara to study Holy Quran where his extraordinary memory became apparent and he memorized...