the purpose of present paper was to examine the relationship between central bank independence and inflation rate in iran over 1960-2008. first, central bank independence has been accomplished through three indices including legal and real cbi indices and turnover rate of central bank governor index. then, augmented dickey-fuller test for model stationary of variables has been done by applying ...

This paper examines the impact of restricting foreign bank entry on bank net interest margins while controlling for (a) impediments to domestic bank entry, (b) the degree of foreign bank ownership of the domestic banking industry, (c) an array of bankspecific characteristics, (c) banking sector concentration, and (d) various country traits. Using data on almost 1200 banks across 47 countries, t...

Abstract This paper provides the first evidence of positive bank-to-bank spillovers. I show that geographic linkages between banks engage in home lending same region transmit shocks from one bank to another. exploit deposit base located counties experiencing shale oil booms and a nonshocked nonboom county expands more if its have greater exposure booms. Results shock has impact on prices counti...

A number of authors have developed varied indices for measuring central bank independence with the aim of determining whether there is any association between central bank independence and inflation rates. Most analyses focused on industrialized countries, although more recently the interest has shifted to the emerging and less developed countries. The general trust of the results of these stud...

This research is motivated by Credit Risk and Profitability that occurs in National Banks, namely Bank BRI, Mandiri, BNI 2012 - 2021. study analyzes the effect of credit risk using Non Performing Loans (NPL) while profitability uses Return On Assets (ROA). ). The method descriptive quantitative with observations analytical techniques used are classical assumption test simple linear regression t...

the aim of this research is to classification of soil seed bank in populus caspica protected area. the study of above ground vegetation and soil seed bank were carried out with braun-blanquet and seedling emergence method respectively. results showed that size of soil seed bank in upper layer (713 seeds per m2) were significantly lower than depth layer (1163 per m2) but species richness from 42...

river banks are exposed to bank erosion and destruction. one of the river engineering goals is to provide human life requirements and reduce river danger. so spreading extent of this phenomenon, whose risk and other important factors must be recognized. using groins is one of the control ways that by accurate design and accurate performance, bank erosion control and field reclamation would be p...