The harvest of wildlife for human consumption is valued at several billion dollars annually and provides an essential source of meat for hundreds of millions of rural people living in poverty. This harvest is also considered among the greatest threats to biodiversity throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Economic development is often proposed as an essential first step to win-win solution...

The nexus of urban poverty and sustainable development is complex. The urban poor reside in often deplorable conditions, which in some instances are worse than those in the rural areas that so many of them left behind (Brockerhoff and Brennan 1997). Women’s status, youth issues, and reproductive health concerns all take on a different complexion in the context of urban slums and informal settle...

Rapid urbanization in China has triggered the conversion of land from rural to urban use, particularly the conversion of rural settlements to town land. This conversion is the result of the joint effects of the geographic environment and agents involving the government, investors, and farmers. To understand the dynamic interaction dominated by agents and to predict the future landscape of town ...

despite all attractions of social participation in most parts of the rural development, due to the lack of practical approaches, it has just remained an advertising slogan. one of the necessities of rural development is the execution of plans which enjoy maximum social acceptance. one of these plans is locating and equipping high-order service settlements. using an operative process including e...

abstract nowadays, understanding and strengthening of social networks and services in rural settlements and consciously facility and service managing as a rural development planning trend policy not only helps the optimum distribution of facilities and resources in rural areas but physical integrity and structure of the suitable habitat space. village of shirvan, the scope of our study, is one ...

purpose: considering the speed of change in geographical areas, human power could not predict the future. rural areas as one of the human settlements has failed to keep pace with the changes. so scholars and researchers have some doubts about the survival of rural areas. according to the events taking place or possible events in the future, the present study attempts to investigate the rural su...

Given the year on year decrease of rural farmland and various forms of land degradation through the intrusion of non-farm land uses, the government of Bangladesh has drafted the agrarian reform strategies, primarily to protect the agricultural land from encroachment, conversion, and indiscriminate use. The draft Agricultural Land Protection and Land Use Bill since its inception in 2011 is facin...

BACKGROUND Cape Town is undergoing rapid urbanization. South African vital statistics have routinely been stratified by racial categories but intra-urban and peri-urban geographical variations have been neglected. METHODS To examine variations in infant mortality rates (IMR) and proportional infant mortality between urban, rural and informally settled areas, stratified by racial category, bir...

abstract: today, informal settlements have been accepted in the cities and towns as a problem and an urban fact facing urban and regional management in different countries of the world. according to past experiences and the evolutions of today, searching for new and efficient solutions in order to improve the quality of these settlements in line with converting them into a habitable zone of urb...