This study was designed to investigate if the working memory profiles of children living in rural poverty are distinct from the working memory profiles of children living in urban poverty. Verbal and visuospatial working memory tasks were administered to sixth-grade students living in low-income rural, low-income urban, high-income rural, and high-income urban developmental contexts. Both low-i...

The persistence of rural poverty, concentration in rural areas of the most extreme forms of poverty, and rising inequality in the distribution of rural incomes remain vexing aspects of rural development in Latin America, in spite of expensive programs intended at reducing poverty and inequality. Mexico is no exception to this observation. This widespread failure calls upon exploring alternative...

This article presents a discussion of rural-urban migration as a source of social and behavioral change in Ghana. It explores the extent to which the urban social environment in Ghana generates conflicts for migrants with a different value orientation and the degree of influence of the urban social environment on migrants' behavior. The first part of the discussion focuses on the nature of Gh...

IFAD: Rural Enterprise Policy iv RATIONALE: MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES AND POVERTY REDUCTION Role of the Off-Farm Sector in Reducing Poverty 2 Small-Scale Rural Enterprise and the Rural Economy 3 IFAD and Rural Enterprise 4 Role of the Off-Farm Sector vis-à-vis IFAD's Strategic Framework and Regional Strategies 5 DEVELOPING MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES FOR THE POOR IN RURAL AREAS: DEFINITION, L...

The poverty trap concept strongly influences current research and policy on poverty alleviation. Financial or technological inputs intended to "push" the rural poor out of a poverty trap have had many successes but have also failed unexpectedly with serious ecological and social consequences that can reinforce poverty. Resilience thinking can help to (i) understand how these failures emerge fro...

A Multidimensional Approach to Measuring Poverty and the Assessment of Educational Poverty in Iran1   E. Aboonoori, Ph.D. * A.A. Saalem, Ph.D. ** J. Arab Yaarmohammadi ***   A multidimensional approach to measuring poverty facilitates the assessment of educational poverty as one of its several dimensions. Utilizing this approach, the overall poverty in Iran in the years of 2005 ...

BACKGROUD This study aimed to measure the poverty head count ratio and poverty gap of rural Yanbian in order to examine whether China's New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme has alleviated its medical impoverishment and to compare the results of this alternative approach with those of a World Bank approach. METHODS This cross-sectional study was based on a stratified random sample survey of 1,...

Using 2000-04 panel data this study analyses the pathways rural households followed out of poverty in two lagging provinces of China, Inner Mongolia and Gansu. Rising labour productivity in agriculture has been key, and still holds much promise. Labour mobility has also been important in Gansu. So far, rural diversification has not proven to contribute much to poverty reduction. Income transfer...