Ruminant-derived foods contain high proportions of saturated fats as a result of ruminal biohydrogenation that rapidly saturates and thus limits the availability of free unsaturated fatty acids for assimilation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of glycerol on ruminal free-fatty acid (FFA) production rates and in vitro fermentation kinetics of alfalfa hay. In vitro incubat...

Hedqvist, H. 2004. Metabolism of soluble proteins by rumen microorganism and the influence of condensed tannins on nitrogen solubility and degradation. Doctoral thesis. ISSN 1401-6249, ISBN 91-576-6780-2. The amino acid requirements of ruminants are met by two sources; microbes leaving the rumen and dietary protein escaping fermentation in the rumen. Much ruminant research has therefore focused...

Olives leaves, accrued during the processing of olive harvests for oil extraction, are poor in N, rich in crude fat and ADF (1.19, 8.03 and 28.2 g/100 g of DM, respectively), and relatively low in condensed tannins (11.1 mg/g of DM). Three experiments were conducted in a 2 x 3 (two animal species: goats vs. wethers; and three experimental diets: olive leaves without or with polyethylene glycol ...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the relationships between nutrients degradability, kinetics of hydration, functional specific gravity (FSG) of the three types of beet pulp (BP) including fine (FBP), normal (NBP) and pelleted (PBP) BP. In experiment 1, about 3 g of samples was weighed in sealed nylon bags (6 cm×7.5 cm, 40±5 µm pore size), incubated in rumen of two cannulated Holstein ...

Eight single-flow, continuous culture fermentors were used in Exp. 1 to study the effects of forage source on ruminal bacterial N metabolism and carbohydrate digestion. Forages included alfalfa, cicer milkvetch, birdsfoot trefoil and sainfoin with respective CP concentrations of 26.0, 28.7, 26.3 and 20.0%. Each forage provided 100% of the substrate for microbial metabolism and supplied 2.6 g N/...

Liu D., Li Y., Zhang G., Zhang P., Wu P., Wang S., Wang X. (2017): Effect of protein secondary structures in mixed feedstuff detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on ruminal protein degradation kinetics. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 62, 89–97. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the protein secondary structure and the protein rumen degradation kinetics ...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of infrared irradiation for 60, 90, 120 and 150 seconds on starch degradability and chemical compositions of corn grains. Three ruminally fistulated rams were used to measure in sacco degradation. There was a linear increase in DM of irradiated corn grains (P<0.001). Infrared irradiation decreased potentially degradable fraction and constant degr...

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of degradation characteristics of six feed supplements on ruminal volatile fatty acid and amino acid production and profile using three ruminally cannulated male sheep. The sheep were fed a concentrate to forage ratio of 35:65. The supplements came from Soybean Meal (SBM), Corn Meal (CM), Meat and Bone Meal (MBM), Feather Meal (FtM), Bl...

The influence of nature of the feed sample, feeding frequency and pore size on the influx of bacteria and protozoa into synthetic fiber bags suspended in the rumens of sheep fed different diets was studied. Counts of total culturable bacteria in bags with a pore size of 10 microns were less than 30% of the ruminal counts for animals that were fed the lucerne hay and high-roughage diets. The max...

animal agricultural production systems are major sources of nonpoint pollution affecting quality of water sources. nitrogen has been identified as the foremost source of nonpoint water pollution  and the potential negative impacts of n have become an area of public concern. protein degradation from feed ingredients is an important factorinfluencing aa supply to the duodenum. ruminal proteolysis...