In this study, the kinetic of biogas production was studied by performing a series laboratory experiment using rumen fluid of animal ruminant as inoculums. Cattle manure as substrate was inoculated by rumen fluid to the anaerobic biodigester. Laboratory experiments using 400 ml biodigester were performed in batch operation mode. Given 100 grams of fresh cattle manure was fed to each biodigester...

Chilling of whole rumen contents prior to preparation of strained rumen fluid enriched with particle-associated microorganisms resulted in rumen inoculum with the highest microbial dry weight, total bacterial counts, and degradation rates for casein and soybean meal. Strained rumen fluid, whole rumen contents blended with strained rumen fluid, chilled strained rumen fluid, and strained rumen fl...

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different levels of alfalfa hay (AH) and sodium propionate (Pro) added to starter diets of Holstein calves on growth performance, rumen fermentation characteristics, and rumen development. Forty-two male Holstein calves (40±2kg of birth weight) were used in a complete randomized design with a 3×2 factorial arrangement of treatme...

The pre-weaning period is crucial for rumen developmental plasticity, which can have a long-term impact on animal performance. Understanding the rumen microbiota during early life is important to elucidate its potential role in rumen development. In this study, the rumen microbiota of 10-day-old Hu lambs fed either milk replacer (B10), milk replacer and starter (STA) or milk replacer and starte...

Cows will typically experience a 30 to 35% reduction in feed intake during the final two to three weeks prior to calving. Blood fatty acids at calving are negatively related to feed intake and positively related to incidence of postpartum metabolic disorders. Feed and manage cows to maximize feed intake during the transition period. Over conditioned cows are likely to have poor appetites, but d...

BACKGROUND Methane (CH(4)) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), having a global warming potential 21 times that of carbon dioxide (CO(2)). Methane emissions from agriculture represent around 40% of the emissions produced by human-related activities, the single largest source being enteric fermentation, mainly in ruminant livestock. Technologies to reduce these emissions are lacking. Ruminant metha...

The advent of next generation sequencing and bioinformatics tools have greatly advanced our knowledge about the phylogenetic diversity and ecological role of microbes inhabiting the mammalian gut. However, there is a lack of information on the evaluation of these computational tools in the context of the rumen microbiome as these programs have mostly been benchmarked on real or simulated datase...

It has been suggested that the rumen microbiome and rumen function might be disrupted if methane production in the rumen is decreased. Furthermore concerns have been voiced that geography and management might influence the underlying microbial population and hence the response of the rumen to mitigation strategies. Here we report the effect of the dietary additives: linseed oil and nitrate on m...

An artificial rumen for the study of nutrient digestion by the micro-organisms of the rumen was initially developed by Louw, Williams & Maynard (1949). In this, the micro-organisms were contained in a semi-permeable dialysis sac and the diffusible products of digestion removed by a salt solution, the composition of which approximated to that of saliva and which flowed continuously past the outs...

1. Three experiments were conducted to determine the flow of nitrogen through the rumen and abomasum when cows, steers and lambs were totally nourished on volatile fatty acids infused into the rumen. 2. In two dairy cows (650-700 kg) and two large steers (370-405 kg) the daily flow of non-ammonia-N (NAN) from the rumen was 50.7 and 58 mg/kg live weight (W)0.75 respectively. 3. The flows of NAN ...