The effect of the substitution of imported raw materials (corn and soyabeans) by local food resources (barley, white sorghum, triticale and horse bean) on the parameters of faciesfermentation and digestibility in the rumen of sheep was evaluated. Four Sicilo-Sarde rams 4.8±0.5 years of age with an average live weight of 45.25±3.5 kg, permanently canulated in the rumen and housed in individual c...

In dairy cattle, the rumen environment is designed to function optimally within a pH range of 6.2 to 7.2. To maintain healthy rumen function, dairy cows require diets that contain adequate amounts of physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF). Ensuring adequate intake of peNDF can, however, be difficult because most commercial dairy rations, designed to maximize milk production, conta...

A mature dairy cow was transitioned from a high forage (100% forage) to a high-grain (79% grain) diet over seven days. Continuous ruminal pH recordings were utilized to diagnose the severity of ruminal acidosis. Additionally, blood and rumen papillae biopsies were collected to describe the structural and functional adaptations of the rumen epithelium. On the final day of the grain challenge, th...

The effect of rumen liquid volume, pH and concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) on the rates of absorption of acetic, propionic and butyric acids from the rumen was examined in lactating dairy cows. Experimental solutions introduced into the emptied, washed rumen comprised two different volumes (10 or 30 l), four levels of pH (4.5, 5.4, 6.3, 7.2) and three levels of individual VFA concent...

rumen is a persistent and specific ecosystem consists of bacteria, protozoa and fungus where feed fermentation takes place in it. produced hydrogen in rumen can be used in the synthesis of the volatile fatty acids and the microbial protein and its excess would be eliminated through the production of methane by methanogenesis. nutritionists have tried to find ways to decrease loss and energy and...

Active Na+ absorption across rumen epithelium comprises Na+/H+ exchange and a nonselective cation conductance (NSCC). Luminal chloride is able to stimulate Na+ absorption, which has been attributed to an interaction between Cl-/HCO3- and Na+/H+ exchangers. However, isolated rumen epithelial cells also express a Cl- conductance. We investigated whether Cl- has an additional effect on electrogeni...

1. The extent to which phenolic derivatives of benzoic acid (seven); of phenylacetic acid (one); of 3-phenylpropionic acid (one) and of cinnamic acid (six) served as precursors of the urinary benzoic acid excreted by sheep was determined after administration as continuous drips via rumen or abomasal cannulas. 2. Phenolic derivatives of benzoic or of phenylacetic acid were not dehydroxylated to ...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the supplementation of active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on diets of lambs fed with two different concentrate proportion on DM intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients, in vitro digestibility of dry matter and rumen fermentation parameters. Twenty non-castrated male lambs, averaging 120 days-old, housed in metabolism cages, with collector and separa...

Intake and excretory patterns, N and mineral balance, rumen fluid characteristics and acid-base status were measured for 15 days in five nonfistulated and six rumen-fistulated wethers. The animals were placed in metabolism crates and fed alfalfa hay from day 1 through 5, a 65% concentrate diet from day 6 through 10 and an 85% concentration diet from days 11 through 15. All diets were pelleted a...

Mathematical modeling techniques have been applied to study various aspects of the ruminant, such as rumen function, postabsorptive metabolism, and product composition. This review focuses on advances made in modeling rumen fermentation and its associated rumen disorders, and energy and nutrient utilization and excretion with respect to environmental issues. Accurate prediction of fermentation ...