Crash risk is the statistical probability of a crash. Its assessment can be performed through ex post statistical analysis or in real-time with on-vehicle systems. These systems can be cooperative. Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure Systems (CVIS) are a developing research avenue in the automotive industry worldwide. This paper provides a survey of existing CVIS systems and methods to assess cr...

FOR GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL OF NUCLEAR WASTE Some aspects regarding the reliability of risk assessments for geological disposal of nuclear waste are investigated. The input for the study is given by the opinions of some interviewed Dutch experts and existing literature. The Dutch risk assessment PROSA is used as an example, but the conclusions are seen to be valid more generally. In the PROSA study...

In rural economies with missing or incomplete markets, idiosyncratic risk is frequently pooled through informal networks. Idiosyncratic shocks, however, are not limited to private goods but can also restrict an individual from partaking in or benefitting from a collective activity. In these situations, a group must decide whether to provide insurance to the affected member. In this paper, we de...

Many international and national authorities recommend that cardiovascular risk assessment using multivariate risk scores be used to identify individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This approach is likely to assure that resources in developing countries are allocated to those who need it most. However, not many developing countries have implemented this approach and different ...

Objectives. This paper discusses the controversies surrounding the antibiotic prophylaxis preceding dental interventions within the following research question: how effective is dental antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing comorbidity and complications in those at risk? Methods. A synthesis of the available literature regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in dentistry was conducted under the lenses o...

in the process of investment decision making, next to financial indicators many other aspects of investment projects are increasingly often considered. this leads to the multi-criteria evaluation of a project. the advantage of multi-criteria methods is the ability to take into account all (not only financial) aspects of the attractiveness of an investment project. the selection of criteria of p...

conclusions managers and service providers need to know an ordinary woman’s perception of risk to address the gap between current and desired childbirth services and encourage women to use current hospital services. objectives this study explains how baloch women make decisions regarding the risks associated with childbirth at home versus a hospital. this study identifies and defines the factor...

OBJECTIVE To examine the performances of an alternative strategy to decide initiating BP-lowering drugs called Proportional Benefit (PB). It selects candidates addressing the inequity induced by the high-risk approach since it distributes the gains proportionally to the burden of disease by genders and ages. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Mild hypertensives from a Realistic Virtual Population by ge...

introduction: nowadays ionizing radiation has a considerable contribution in medical diagnostic and treatment. using ionizing radiation is increasing rapidly, so biological effects of ionizing radiation should be considered more. x-rays in the range of diagnostic radiology have hazardous effects and risks that are defined as random effects. these effects obey the lnt hypothesis that occur at lo...