Groundwater is closely coupled with stream­ flow to maintain water supply to riparian vegetation, parti­ cularly where precipitation is seasonal. A case study is presented where Mediterranean climate and groundwater extraction are linked with the decline of riparian vegeta­ tion and subsequent severe bank erosion on the Carmel River in Carmel Valley, California.

s: 30–31.Richter, B.D., Mendelson, M.A. & Master, L.L. (1997a). Threats to imperiled freshwater fauna.Conservation Biology, 11: 1081–1093. Richter, B.D, Baumgartner, J.V., Wigington, R. & Braun, D.P. (1997b). How much water doesa river need? Freshwater Biology, 37: 231–249.Riley, A.L. (1998). Restoring Streams in Cities: a Guide for Planners, Policymakers, and Citizens. Washingt...

The global water cycle is intimately linked to vegetation structure and function. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the arid west where riparian forests serve as ribbons of productivity in otherwise mostly unproductive landscapes. Dioecy is common among tree species that make up western North American riparian forests. There are intrinsic physiological differences between male and female di...

Dryland river basins frequently support both irrigated agriculture and riparian vegetation and remote sensing methods are needed to monitor water use by both crops and natural vegetation in irrigation districts. We developed an algorithm for estimating actual evapotranspiration (ETa) based on the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) sensor on...

We studied two similar riparian sites in southern New England and examined ground water nitrate (NO~--N) removal in the subsurface of mowed (i.e., herbaceous) v . forested (i.e., woody) vegetation. Each site consisted of poorly drained, fine to medium sands and contained adjacent areas of mowed and forested vegetation. We dosed mesocosms with bromide and lSN labeled NO~-N amended ground water t...

With limited financial resources available for habitat restoration, information that ensures and/or accelerates success is needed to economize effort and maximize benefit. In the Central Valley of California USA, riparian habitat has been lost or degraded, contributing to the decline of riparian-associated birds and other wildlife. Active restoration of riparian plant communities in this region...

Groundwater evapotranspiration (ETg) links various ecohydrological processes and is an important component in regional water budgets. In this study, an extensive monitoring network was established in a semiarid riparian area to investigate various controls on the spatiotemporal pattern of water table fluctuations (WTFs) and ETg induced by riparian vegetation. Along a vegetation gradient ( 1200 ...

Purpose of wetland creation and restoration and expected results (protection vs. nourishment) Riparian ecosystems generally compose a minor proportion of surrounding areas, but typically are more structurally diverse and more productive in plant and animal biomass than adjacent upland areas. Riparian areas supply food, cover, and water (especially important in the arid regions) for a large dive...

DAVID M. MERRITT* , MICHAEL L. SCOTT, N. L EROY POFF , GREGOR T. AUBLE † AND DAVID A. LYTLE § *National Watershed, Fish and Wildlife Program, Natural Resource Research Center, USDA Forest Service and the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A. U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A. Department of Biology and ...