HE DEVELOPING countries’ economic prospects have long been heavily dependent on the industrial economies. But the share of world output, trade, and capital flows that can be attributed to developing countries has been increasing over the past two decades. As a result, “reverse linkages”—the impacts of developing countries on industrial countries—are becoming more significant. Growth of the deve...

This paper proposes using topology optimization to design fixed-geometry fluid diodes that allow easy passage of fluid flowing in one direction while inhibiting flow in the reverse direction. Fixed-geometry diodes do not use movable mechanical parts or deformations, but rather utilize inertial forces of the fluid to achieve this flow behavior. Diode performance is measured by diodicity, defined...

Oscillations, including chaotic ones, can spontaneously appear in chemical reactors or lean premixed combustors. Such behavior of the system is undesirable and should be identified at stage its modeling. This article analyzes reverse-flow tubular reactor with longitudinal dispersion terms oscillations. The purpose using reverse flow to increase conversion degree. For analysis reactor, among oth...

in the recent decade, special attention is paid to reverse logistic due to economic benefits of recovery and recycling of used products as well as environmental legislation and social concerns. on the other hand، many researches claim that separately and sequential planning of forward and reverse logistic causes sub-optimality. effective transport activities are also one of the most important c...

BACKGROUND Nitroglycerin is effective in relieving myocardial ischemia; however, intracoronary nitroglycerin often fails to relieve angina and has been reported to have deleterious effects on subendocardial blood flow. To understand the mechanisms involved, we evaluated the direct effect of nitroglycerin on coronary circulation of the ischemic hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured the phasi...

In this paper, the removal of phenol by using aqueous solution in a low pressure reverse osmosis membrane was investigated. The effect of feed pressure, feed concentration, feed flow rate and feed pH on phenol rejection was investigated. The results showed that feed pH is the most affective parameter on the phenol rejection. Rejection of phenol increased with increasing pH from 2 to 10 under th...

Background. Nitroglycerin is effective in relieving myocardial ischemia; however, intracoronary nitroglycerin often fails to relieve angina and has been reported to have deleterious effects on subendocardial blood flow. To understand the mechanisms involved, we evaluated the direct effect of nitroglycerin on coronary circulation of the ischemic hearts. Methods and Results. We measured the phasi...

This paper studies the flow around a propeller rotating in the reverse direction in a uniform free stream. Large eddy simulation is used to study this massively separated flow at a Reynolds number of 480 000 and advance ratios J = −0.5, −0.7 and −1.0. Simulations are performed on two grids; statistics of the loads and velocity field around the propeller show encouraging agreement between the tw...

The aim of this research was to determine the effects of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) on blood flow patterns in the common femoral artery (CFA) and to determine the feasibility of detecting AAA by analysis of the CFA Doppler waveform. CFA Doppler waveforms were measured from 30 patients with AAA and 30 normal patients without significant atherosclerotic disease. On visual inspection of the C...