We report a case of quinine overdose in a 47-year-old man who presented with blindness. Fundus photography demonstrates the acute and subsequent retinal changes, and his visual recovery to normal acuity with visual field constriction is documented. Pupillary and electrodiagnostic findings are recorded. Stellate ganglion block has been widely advocated as a helpful therapeutic measure, but out p...

The retinal toxicity of intravitreally administered amphotericin B was compared in non-vitrectomised versus vitrectomised rabbit eyes. Doses of 5 and 10 micrograms in both groups resulted in transient vitritis but had no effect on electroretinograms. Histopathological examination four weeks after injection showed vitreous cells and minimal areas of retinal necrosis in both groups at 5 or 10 mic...

PURPOSE To report a case of acute quinine poisoning, document acute and chronic macular changes with optical coherence tomography imaging and fluorescein angiography (FA), and to review the literature on ocular toxicity of quinine. METHODS A 32-year-old white female presented to our Emergency Department after ingesting over 7.5 g of quinine. She underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination...

PURPOSE Although the retinoid cycle is essential for vision, all-trans-retinal and the side products of this cycle are toxic. Delayed clearance of all-trans-retinal causes accumulation of its condensation products, A2E, and all-trans-retinal dimer (RALdi), both associated with human macular degeneration. The protective roles were examined of the all-trans-RDHs, Rdh8 and Rdh12, and the ATP-bindi...

AIM To evaluate the functional and morphological retinal toxicity associated with intravitreal injection of indocyanine green (ICG) dye in rabbit eyes during vitrectomy with endoillumination. METHODS 20 eyes of 10 New Zealand pigmented rabbits were used in the study. All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy and removal of posterior vitreous cortex under endoillumination. In one eye of each ra...

Aim: To evaluate the functional and morphological retinal toxicity associated with intravitreal injection of indocyanine green (ICG) dye in rabbit eyes during vitrectomy with endoillumination. Methods: 20 eyes of 10 New Zealand pigmented rabbits were used in the study. All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy and removal of posterior vitreous cortex under endoillumination. In one eye of each ra...

Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a widely used fungicide that shows toxicity to aquatic embryos, probably through rain-wash. Here, we specifically focus on its toxic effect on eye development in zebrafish, as well as the role of retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A that controls proliferation and differentiation of retinal photoreceptor cells, in this toxicity. Embryos were exposed to PBZ with o...

Retinopathy secondary to the use of hydroxychloroquine sulfate can cause irreversible central visual loss and progress even after stopping drug. The pathophysiological mechanism by which this phenomenon occurs is unclear. Periodic eye exams associated with multimodal imaging help in early recognition pathology, being essential for realization an diagnosis order minimize adverse sequelae. Patien...

PURPOSE The iron chelating agent deferoxamine mesylate USP (Desferal, Ciba, Summit, NJ) is commonly used in the treatment of acute iron intoxication and chronic iron overload (associated with the transfusion-dependent anemias). When used for prolonged periods of time or in high doses deferoxamine is attended by a range of ocular toxicities. The visual symptoms associated with deferoxamine admin...