In the modelling of ordinal responses in psychological measurement and survey-based research, response styles that represent specific answering patterns of respondents are typically ignored. One consequence is that estimates of item parameters can be poor and considerably biased. The focus here is on the modelling of a tendency to extreme or middle categories. An extension of the Partial Credit...

Two university varsity swimming teams took the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ) at the start of the season. Swimmers with a pessimistic explanatory style wellt on to show more unexpected poor performances during competition titan optimistic swimmers. We then tested the purported mechanism of this effect by experimentally simulating defeat, giving each swimmer falsely negative' times. Per...

in this paper, a novel approach for multi response optimization is presented. in the proposed approach, response variables in treatments combination occur with a certain probability. moreover, we assume that each treatment has a network style. because of the probabilistic nature of treatment combination, the proposed approach can compute the efficiency of each treatment under the desirable reli...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility in women of reproductive age, affecting 7% of this population. Although not entirely understood, the etiology of PCOS is closely linked to obesity and abdominal adiposity that are considered to worsen the clinical presentation, particularly menstrual irregularities and hyperandrogenism. Lifestyle mo...

The term response style is used to indicate the tendency for an observer to respond in a stereotyped way which is independent of that which he is observing. A study is described, designed to detect differences in response style among psychiatrists dealing with 42 different items of clinical data. Item sheets completed by 5 psychiatric registrars (residents) in relation to their patients were ex...

The discovery of selective associability of cues in classical (Pavlovian) conditioning has often been treated as an embarrassment to Pavlov, because he has been represented as a proponent of the “equivalence of associability of cues.” According to that doctrine, except for the influence of differences in stimulus intensity, all environmental stimuli are equally susceptible to becoming condition...

Two studies tested the impact of alternative communication in accommodation strategies. Nursing home staff and residents (and community-residing seniors in Study 2) rated nurse-resident conversational scenarios in which a resident responded passively, directly assertively, or humorously (indirectly assertively) to a patronizing nurse. The nurse then either maintained a patronizing manner or acc...