The tax-expenditure hypothesis posed by Milton Friedman emphasizes a positive causal relationship between government tax revenues and government expenditures. If citizens do not have a correct perception of the real tax burden and under-estimate the price of public goods and services, there is a negative causal relationship between tax revenues and government expenditures, which indicates exist...

Do carbon taxes kill jobs? With pricing at $30/tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions, the BC policy is currently the most aggressive revenue-neutral carbon tax and serves as a role model for many jurisdictions world-wide. There are concerns, however, that this policy negatively impacts employment. This study uses firm-level synthetic control methods (SCM) to estimate employment effects o...

The paper considers the sustainable trade credit and inventory policies with demand related to credit period and the environmental sensitivity of consumers under the carbon cap-and-trade and carbon tax regulations. First, the decision models are constructed under three cases: without regulation, carbon cap-and-trade regulation, and carbon tax regulation. The optimal solutions of the retailer in...

Cost-benefit analysis is an important tool for decisions in infrastructure and transport planning. One effect that is calculated in cost benefit analysis is climate effects and for this it is necessary to make valuation of the social cost of carbon. There are different ways to calculate this cost and there is no consensus on what method to use. In Sweden the social cost of carbon that is used i...

Simulation experiments are conducted, comparing the effects of a common reduction of CO2 emissions within the European Union to a Swedish unilateral decision to reduce CO2 emissions. A numerical general equilibrium model, GEME3, has been used as analytical tool. The model covers all European Union countries, with production disaggregated into 18 sectors. The 13 consumption goods included are cl...