The human pharyngeal airway during sleep is conventionally modeled as a Starling resistor. However, inspiratory flow often decreases with increasing effort (negative effort dependence, NED) rather than remaining fixed as predicted by the Starling resistor model. In this study, we tested a major prediction of the Starling resistor model--that the resistance of the airway upstream from the site o...

Animal viruses (e.g., lentiviruses and herpesviruses) use transcriptional positive feedback (i.e., transactivation) to regulate their gene expression. But positive-feedback circuits are inherently unstable when turned off, which presents a particular dilemma for latent viruses that lack transcriptional repressor motifs. Here we show that a dissipative feedback resistor, composed of enzymatic in...

A power divider (PD)/ power combiner (PC) with high quality factor and enhanced output ports isolation using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is proposed. An SIW cavity is designed to provide a high quality factor filtering response and an SMD resistor is attached between two output ports to realize the high isolation. The value of the applied resistor is calculated by using the ...

The applicability of the waterfall model was tested using the Starling resistor and different viscosities of fluids to vary the Reynolds number. The waterfall model proved adequate to describe flow in the Starling resistor model only at very low Reynolds numbers (Reynolds number less than 1). Blood flow characterized by such low Reynolds numbers occurs only in the microvasculature. Thus, it is ...

In a recent paper by Lyon et al. (Flow through Collapsible Tubes at Low Reynolds Numbers. Circ Res 47: 68-73, 1980), the authors contend that waterfall models adequately predict flow through a Starling resistor only for Reynolds numbers <1. Their basic conclusion was that caution should be used when applying waterfall models to the mammalian circulatory system since Reynolds numbers are usually...

Leaf vascular patterns are the mechanisms and mechanical support for the transportation of fluidics for photosynthesis and leaf development properties. Vascular hierarchical networks in leaves have far-reaching functions in optimal transport efficiency of functional fluidics. Embedding leaf morphogenesis as a resistor network is significant in the optimization of a translucent thermally functio...

The Switched-Resistor (S-R) approach is gaining popularity among integrated circuits designers because it allows to implement very high equivalent resistances, and thus large time constants, in CMOS circuits. In this paper, we present an in-depth analysis of the S-R technique propose a novel detailed model which accurately predict value resistance even for values duty cycle as low 0.0001% resul...