The American leafhopper Erasmoneura vulnerata, detected in Europe the early 2000s, has recently become a pest North-Italian vineyards. Infestations were recorded organic and conventional vineyards despite application of insecticides targeting other pests. vulnerata completes three generations per year, second generation is frequently associated with large populations. selection appropriate acti...

In UK forestry, the synthetic pyrethroid insecticides alpha-cypermethrin and cypermethrin have been used for many years to provide protection young trees from damage by large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis L. However, concerns over toxicity of these has led a search alternatives. our work, applications 0.037 g.a.i.stem–1 acetamiprid provided high levels browsing, comparable or cypermethrin, with...

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella has been developed resistance to many groups of pesticides including of pyrethroids. The present study was conducted to evaluate the toxicity of deltamethrin on the third instar larvae of six populations of the pest using leaf dipping method. The results showed that different populations had different susceptibilities to deltamethrin. At the LC50 level,...

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are one of the most important pollinating species flowering plants. Recently, populations honey have been declining due to a combination factors, including widespread use agricultural pesticides. Laboratory studies were conducted determine acute oral toxicity different formulated pesticides bee adults. In particular, we assessed two neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, Assai...

Swede midge (Contarinia nasturtii Keiffer) is a serious gall-forming insect pest of cruciferous plants in Europe and southwestern Asia. In North America, it was first identified in Ontario, Canada, in 2000 and in Niagara County, New York, US, in 2004. The insect is now rapidly spreading in Canada and the US. To date, infestation of C. nasturtii has been confirmed in 46 counties in Canada. The U...

Neonicotinoid insecticides act selectively on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Recent studies revealed that their efficiency was altered by the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation process and the intracellular signaling pathway involved in the regulation of nAChRs. Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology adapted for dissociated cockroach dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neuro...

The topical toxicities of five commercial grade pesticides commonly sprayed in apple orchards were estimated on adult worker honey bees, Apis mellifera (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Japanese orchard bees, Osmia cornifrons (Radoszkowski) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). The pesticides were acetamiprid (Assail 30SG), λ-cyhalothrin (Warrior II), dimethoate (Dimethoate 4EC), phosmet (Imidan 70W), and ...