due to its specific characteristics, special theoretical principles are involved in translation of religious text. the texts of this genre are classified into two categories of divine and non-divine each with its own considerations in the act of translation. nahj-al-balaghah is one of the non-divine islamic texts. two of the well-known translations of it into persian are those by seyed jafar sh...

many students are being faced to some problems in instructive skills such as reading and comprehension especially when they study literary texts, [1]both in school and university. to solve this problem, such skills should [2]be taught with a method that the learner(s) has an active relation to the text and its components. he (she) should be able to make a connection between the text and his (he...

urdu literature has provided an outstanding treasure by using all persian literary genres presented in both verse and prose. among all literary genres of poetry elegy is the kind which some of the scholars and critics of the subcontinent consider as an independent genre from arabic and persian literature. there is no doubt that mourning and lamenting for the dead has always been part of every n...

tendency to najwa (religious whispering) and praying to god has been present in human soul from the time immemorial. in other words, the background of human’s god-seeking tendencies has been confirmed through historical and archeological excavations. attachment to the infinite source of being and coming to the divine threshold is a process that can be possible through prayers and that's th...

This paper explains offset and develops a strategic approach for the implementation of offset-policy for a buyer country. Offset emerges when a country cannot afford to pay cash for non-essential imports, and cannot get cash for many of its products. Offset arrangements are most frequently found in the defense-related sector. However, recently, it refers to a range of industrial and commercial ...