Composting animal manure has the potential to reduce emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) from agriculture. Agriculture has been recognized as a major contributor of greenhouse gases, releasing an estimated 81% and 70% of the anthropogenic emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4), respectively. A significant amount of methane is emitted during the storage of liquid manur...

Three typical biological solid wastes, animal manure, garbage, and sewage sludge, were compared with regard for the composting process and the changes in microbial community structure. The effect of different bulking agents such as rice straw, vermiculite, sawdust, and waste paper were compared in manure compost. The differences in the microbial community were characterized by the quinone profi...

The generation of municipal solid waste is increasing year by year and there are many options for handling and disposing of these wastes. Currently in United States land disposal is the most common practice to deal with municipal solid wastes. The evolution of waste generation, and increase in population suggest composting as a future alternative. Since municipal solid waste comprises of a high...

Hazardous organic and metallic residues or by-products can enter into plants, soils, and sediments from processes associated with domestic, municipal, agricultural, industrial, and military activities. Handling, ingestion, application to land or other distributions of the contaminated materials into the environment might render harm to humans, livestock, wildlife, crops, or native plants. Consi...

Composting is an appropriate management alternative for municipal solid waste; however, our knowledge about the microbial regulation of this process is still scare. We employed metaproteomics to elucidate the main biodegradation pathways in municipal solid waste composting system across the main phases in a large-scale composting plant. The investigation of microbial succession revealed that Ba...

isposal of wastewater sludge has D long been a problem in wastewater treatment. In the past decade, however, conventional sludge disposal methods, such as incineration, Ocean dumping and landfilling, have come under increasingly tighi regulatory control. These regulatory cmtrols, coupled with increased energy costs and environmental concerns, have sparked renewed interest in wastewater sludge c...

The use of wooden crates for composting a mixture of 70% grass, (Digitaria decumbens), and 30% coffee pulp, combined with 2% Ca(OH)(2), was studied as a method for preparing substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus. Crate composting considerably modified the temperature pattern of the substrate in process, as compared to pile composting, where lower temperatures and less homogeneous...

An environmental assessment of the management of organic household waste (OHW) was performed from a life cycle perspective by means of the waste-life cycle assessment (LCA) model EASEWASTE. The focus was on home composting of OHW in Denmark and six different home composting units (with different input and different mixing frequencies) were modelled. In addition, incineration and landfilling was...

Widespread interest in composting as a means of municipal sludge treatment began in the early 1970s, and has i n c r e d dramatically since that time. In 1984, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated a technology evaluation of municipal sludge composting based on investigations at five o p erating facilities.' The facilities studied generally processed sludge reliably and effe...

BACKGROUND Composting is one of the most environmentally friendly treatments to inactivate pathogenic organisms or reduce them to acceptable levels. However, even under thermal conditions, some pathogenic organisms such as E. coli could exist for a long time in composting. Such great persistence may increase the possibility of outbreaks of these organisms and further increase the environmental ...