During high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), the primary variable affecting lung volume is the mean airway pressure (MAP). To effectively maintain lung recruitment and optimal gas exchange without overstretching (or collapsing) the lung, MAP should be set between the lower and upper inflection points of the pressure-volume curve of the lung. At present, there is no efficacious means th...

introduction: nowadays,  considerable developments  in  the field  of  radiotherapy have  been  achieved.  they  include  the  advances  made  in  the  equipments  and  treatment  planning  techniques  which  require  highly complex calculations. such achievements have made it possible to treat cancer patients not only  with  higher  radiation  dose  but  also  with  higher  precision  and  con...

We assessed recruitment curves of the surface diaphragm motor-evoked potential (MEP) after transcranial magnetic stimulation during relaxation and at three different levels of facilitation (20, 40, and 60% of maximal inspiratory esophageal pressure) in 10 healthy subjects (six young and four elderly). MEP amplitude recruitment curves varied between individuals during relaxation and at each leve...

The primary purpose of this study was to use functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to analyze Hoffman-reflex (H-reflex) recruitment curves. Smoothed and interpolated recruitment curves from 38 participants were used for analysis. Standard methods were used to calculate three discrete variables (i.e., H(max)/M(max) ratio, H(th), H(slp)). FPCA was then used to extract principal component...

1 Global warming will probably shift treelines upslope in alpine areas and towards the pole in arctic environments. However, responses of regional treelines to climatic trends over the last century do not show any clear trends. We hypothesize that these equivocal responses may partly be caused by limitation of dispersal and/or recruitment that is species-specific to particular trees with potent...

A modern analo~ computer. tol1ether with an X-Y plotter, I provides a means of constructinl1 useful models of commercially exploited fish populations. The model combined conventional exponential fishin~and natural mortality rates with a Gompertz curve of ~owth in wei~ht. By combination of these rates and curve into a sinl1le differential equation. survival curves for successive year classes of ...

the critical role and effect of teacher assessment in elt has been ratified by researchers among whom are darling-hammond (2000); knox (2002); bailey (2006); davison & cummins (2007); and blum (2009).taking this issue into account, this exploratory study seeks to investigate the underlying criteria of both recruiting and assessing in-service efl teachers in private language institutes of ir...

“During the 1930s, A.J. Nicholson 1 developed the thesis that the abundance of an organism had to be limited by a compensatory mechanism—one that reduced reproduction or survival rate when abundance exceeded some limit, and allowed it to increase when below that limit. This ‘blinding glimpse of the obvious’ started me thinking about its possible consequences for fish populations. At that time, ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the last 2 years, several reports have dealt with recruitment/positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) selection. Most of them confirm previous results and few add new information. RECENT FINDINGS It has been definitely confirmed that opening pressures are different throughout the acute respiratory distress syndrome lung parenchyma, ranging from 5-10 up to 30-40 cmH2O. The...

The recruitment characteristics of fascicle-selective nerve stimulation by a multigroove electrode have been investigated both theoretically and in acute experiments. A three-dimensional (3-D) volume conductor model of fascicles in a multigroove device and a model of myelinated nerve fiber stimulation were used to calculate threshold stimuli of nerve fibers in these fascicles. After their expos...