Abstract This study examined the effect of two types of feedback, post-text as a written feedback and recast as an oral one on written grammatical accuracy of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. To this end, 45 intermediate students who were studying at Ideal Language Institute in Sari were selected based on their performance on the Nelson proficiency test, and then divided into three groups (tw...

This study investigated the effects of corrective feedback (CF) on the acquisition of English prepositions to find out which one would be more effective for third-grade high school learners in their grammar performance. This study also examined declarative and interrogative recasts to see which one the participants preferred to improve their grammar performance. To this end,75 out of 130 female...

Perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis has been a time-honored principle in the prevention of surgical site infection. Its effectiveness has recently been questioned. Potential reasons for the lack of demonstrable efficacy and suggestions for re-examination of this concept are presented.

We introduce an algorithm that generates an optimal controller for stochastic nonlinear problems with a periodic solution, e.g. locomotion. Uniquely, the quantity we approximate is neither the Value nor Policy functions, but rather the stationary statedistribution of the optimally-controlled process. We recast the control problem as Bayesian inference over a graphical model with a ring topology...

In a recent paper Iri showed that the Iri{Imai method converges in O(nL) iterations to an optimal solution. This is achieved by proving that in each iteration the (multiplicative) barrier function is reduced by (at least) some constant factor (smaller than one). In his paper Iri adopts the 'kernel{index tensor notation with Einstein's summation convention for the coordinate indices'. This notat...

Cobalt chromium (CoCr) alloys are utilized to make dental prosthesis. Casting CoCr is a common operation in dentistry laboratories due its low cost. surplus (metal remaining the sprue and crucible former) frequently reused by reduce recycle metal waste. However, quality safety of these recast require further information. Microbial attachment surface prostheses may affect safety. Biofilm formati...