Startup of distillation columns is one of the most difficult operations of chemical processes. Since it often lasts a period of time, leads to off-products and costs much energy, optimization of startup operating policies for distillation columns is of great interest in process industry. Most previous studies on column startup have been restricted to theoretical investigations such as modeling,...

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Background & objectives: Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is one of the low cost wastewater treatment systems compared to the aerobic method. Hoverer it should be studied and developed to overcome its limitations such as insufficient nutrient removal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the 5 sectional ABR pilot and improve it with integrated electric coagulation process for ...

Applying microbial electrochemical technologies for the treatment of highly saline or thermophilic solutions is challenging due to the lack of proper inocula to enrich for efficient exoelectrogens. Brine pools from three different locations (Valdivia, Atlantis II and Kebrit) in the Red Sea were investigated as potential inocula sources for enriching exoelectrogens in microbial electrolysis cell...

Exceptional elevation of children's leukemia appearing 5 years after the 1983 startup of the Krümmel nuclear power plant, accompanied by a significant increase of adult leukemia cases, led to investigations of radiation exposures of the population living near the plant. The rate of dicentric chromosomes in peripheral lymphocytes of seven parents of children with leukemia and in 14 other inhabit...

The present study was done to shorten the start-up time of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. Two different nutrients were used during the UASB start-up period, which was designed to decrease the hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 48 to 24 and 12 to 6 hrs at average temperatures of 25-34 oC. In the first stage, start-up was with glucose for 14 days and then the reactor was also f...

The purpose of this work carried out by MTA KFKI Atomic Energy Research Institute in Hungary, is to develop and validate a method for predicting the ex-core detector responses in the Russian pressurized water type VVER reactors. The time and space dependent neutron flux in the core during these measurements have been calculated by the KIKO3D nodal diffusion code. For calculating the ionization ...

Approximately 400 KL of spent wash or vinasse per annum is generated at an average COD concentration of 100,000 mg/l, by over 250 distilleries in India. There is an urgent need to develop, assess and use ecofriendly methods for the disposal of this high strength wastewater. Therefore, an attempt was made to investigate a few aspects of anaerobic digestion of spent wash collected from a distille...

In this paper, we describe two techniques for assuring a high integrity startup in a PC based computing environment. We begin with background information on PC startup procedures and current integrity threats against normal PC startup. We then describe a sound technique for assuring a high integrity startup and the basis for its soundness. Next we show a second method which is not sound, but wh...

We discuss the potential of the proposed Double Chooz reactor experiment to measure the neutrino mixing angle sin 2θ13. We especially consider systematical uncertainties and their partial cancellation in a near and far detector operation, and we discuss implications of a delayed near detector startup. Furthermore, we introduce Triple Chooz, which is a possible upgrade scenario assuming a second...